本书是根据国家教育部非数学专业数学基础课教学指导分委员会制定的工科类本科数学基础课程教学基本要求编写的全英文教材,全书分为上、下两册,此为上册,主要包括函数与极限,一元函数微积分及其应用和微分方程三部分。本书对基本概念的叙述清晰准确,对基本理论的论述简明易懂,例题习题的选配典型多样,强调基本运算能力的培养及理论的实际应用。本书可作为高等理工科院校非数学类专业本科生的教材,也可供其他专业选用和社会读者阅读。 The aim of this book is to meet the requirement of bilingual teaching of advanced mathematics.This book is divided into two volumes, and the first volume contains functions and limits, calculus of functions of a single variable and differential equations. The selection of the contents is in accordance with the fundamental requirements of teaching issued by the Ministry of Education of China and based on the property of our university. This book may be used as a textbook for undergraduate students in the science and engineering schools whose majors are not mathematics, and may also be suitable to the readers at the same level.
【目录】
Contents
Chapter 1 Fundamental Knowledge of Calculus1
1.1 Mappings and Functions1
1.1.1 Sets and Their Operations1
1.1.2 Mappings and Functions6
1.1.3 Elementary Properties of Functions11
1.1.4 Composite Functions and Inverse Functions14
1.1.5 Basic Elementary Functions and Elementary Functions16
Exercises 1.1 A23
Exercises 1.1 B25
1.2 Limits of Sequences26
1.2.1 The Definition of Limit of a Sequence26
1.2.2 Properties of Limits of Sequences31
1.2.3 Operations of Limits of Sequences35
1.2.4 Some Criteria for Existence of the Limit of a Sequence38
Exercises 1.2 A44
Exercises 1.2 B46
1.3 The Limit of a Function46
1.3.1 Concept of the Limit of a Function47
1.3.2 Properties and Operations of Limits for Functions53
1.3.3 Two Important Limits of Functions58
Exercises 1.3 A61
Exercises 1.3 B63
1.4 Infinitesimal and Infinite Quantities63
1.4.1 Infinitesimal Quantities63
1.4.2 Infinite Quantities65
1.4.3 The Order of Infinitesimals and Infinite Quantities67
Exercises 1.4 A71
Exercises 1.4 B73
1.5 Continuous Functions73
1.5.1 Continuity of Functions74
1.5.2 Properties and Operations of Continuous Functions76
1.5.3 Continuity of Elementary Functions78
1.5.4 Discontinuous Points and Their Classification80
1.5.5 Properties of Continuous Functions on a Closed Interval83
Exercises 1.5 A87
Exercises 1.5 B89
Chapter 2 Derivative and Differential91
2.1 Concept of Derivatives91
2.1.1 Introductory Examples 91
2.1.2 Definition of Derivatives92
2.1.3 Geometric Meaning of the Derivative96
2.1.4 Relationship between Derivability and Continuity96
Exercises 2.1 A98
Exercises 2.1 B99
2.2 Rules of Finding Derivatives99
2.2.1 Derivation Rules of Rational Operations100
2.2.2 Derivation Rules of Composite Functions101
2.2.3 Derivative of Inverse Functions103
2.2.4 Derivation Formulas of Fundamental Elementary Functions104
Exercises 2.2 A105
Exercises 2.2 B107
2.3 Higher Order Derivatives107
Exercises 2.3 A110
Exercises 2.3 B111
2.4 Derivation of Implicit Functions and Parametric Equations,
Related Rates111
2.4.1 Derivation of Implicit Functions111
2.4.2 Derivation of Parametric Equations114
2.4.3 Related Rates118
Exercises 2.4 A120
Exercises 2.4 B122
2.5 Differential of the Function123
2.5.1 Concept of the Differential123
2.5.2 Geometric Meaning of the Differential125
2.5.3 Differential Rules of Elementary Functions126
2.5.4 Differential in Linear Approximate Computation127
Exercises 2.5128
Chapter 3 The Mean Value Theorem and Applications of Derivatives130
3.1 The Mean Value Theorem130
3.1.1 Rolle's Theorem 130
3.1.2 Lagrange's Theorem132
3.1.3 Cauchy's Theorem135
Exercises 3.1 A137
Exercises 3.1 B138
3.2 L'Hospital's Rule138
Exercises 3.2 A144
Exercises 3.2 B145
3.3 Taylor's Theorem145
3.3.1 Taylor's Theorem145
3.3.2 Applications of Taylor's Theorem149
Exercises 3.3 A150
Exercises 3.3 B151
3.4 Monotonicity, Extreme Values, Global Maxima and Minima of Functions151
3.4.1 Monotonicity of Functions151
3.4.2 Extreme Values153
3.4.3 Global Maxima and Minima and Its Application156
Exercises 3.4 A158
Exercises 3.4 B160
3.5 Convexity of Functions, Inflections160
Exercises 3.5 A165
Exercises 3.5 B166
3.6 Asymptotes and Graphing Functions166
Exercises 3.6170
Chapter 4 Indefinite Integrals172
4.1 Concepts and Properties of Indefinite Integrals172
4.1.1 Antiderivatives and Indefinite Integrals172
4.1.2 Formulas for Indefinite Integrals174
4.1.3 Operation Rules of Indefinite Integrals175
Exercises 4.1 A176
Exercises 4.1 B177
4.2 Integration by Substitution177
4.2.1 Integration by the First Substitution177
4.2.2 Integration by the Second Substitution181
Exercises 4.2 A184
Exercises 4.2 B186
4.3 Integration by Parts186
Exercises 4.3 A193
Exercises 4.3 B194
4.4 Integration of Rational Functions194
4.4.1 Rational Functions and Partial Fractions194
4.4.2 Integration of Rational Fractions197
4.4.3 Antiderivatives Not Expressed by Elementary Functions201
Exercises 4.4201
Chapter 5 Definite Integrals202
5.1 Concepts and Properties of Definite Integrals202
5.1.1 Instances of Definite Integral Problems202
5.1.2 The Definition of the Definite Integral205
5.1.3 Properties of Definite Integrals208
Exercises 5.1 A213
Exercises 5.1 B214
5.2 The Fundamental Theorems of Calculus215
5.2.1 Fundamental Theorems of Calculus215
5.2.2 Newton?Leibniz Formula for Evaluation of Definite Integrals217
Exercises 5.2 A219
Exercises 5.2 B221
5.3 Integration by Substitution and by Parts in Definite Integrals222
5.3.1 Substitution in Definite Integrals222
5.3.2 Integration by Parts in Definite Integrals225
Exercises 5.3 A226
Exercises 5.3 B228
5.4 Improper Integral229
5.4.1 Integration on an Infinite Interval229
5.4.2 Improper Integrals with Infinite Discontinuities232
Exercises 5.4 A235
Exercises 5.4 B236
5.5 Applications of Definite Integrals237
5.5.1 Method of Setting up Elements of Integration237
5.5.2 The Area of a Plane Region239
5.5.3 The Arc Length of Plane Curves243
5.5.4 The Volume of a Solid by Slicing and Rotation about an Axis 247
5.5.5 Applications of Definite Integral in Physics249
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