内容摘要 In our everyday social interactions, we try to make sense of what people are thinking, why they act as they do, and what they are likely to do next. This process is called mindreading. Mindreading, Shannon Spaulding argues in this book, is central to our ability to understand and interact with others. Philosophers and cognitive scientists have converged on the idea that mindreading involves theorizing about and simulating others’ mental states. She argues that this view of mindreading is limiting and outdated. Most contemporary views of mindreading vastly underrepresent the diversity and complexity of mindreading. She articulates a new theory of mindreading that takes into account cutting edge philosophical and empirical research on in-group/out-group dynamics, social biases, and how our goals and the situational context influence how we interpret others’ behavior. Spaulding's resulting theory of mindreading provides a more accurate, comprehensive, and perhaps pessimistic view of our abilities to understand others, with important epistemological and ethical implications. Deciding who is trustworthy, knowledgeable, and competent are epistemically and ethically fraught judgments: her new theory of mindreading sheds light on how these judgments are made and the conditions under which they are unreliable. This book will be of great interest to students of philosophy of psychology, philosophy of mind, applied epistemology, cognitive science and moral psychology, as well as those interested in conceptual issues in psychology.在我们的日常社交互动中,我们试图理解人们在想什么、为什么他们这样做以及他们下一步可能会做什么。这个过程称为读心术。香农·斯波尔丁在书中指出,读心术对于我们理解他人以及与他人互动的能力至关重要。哲学家和认知科学家一致认为,读心术涉及对他人心理状态进行理论分析和模拟。她认为这种读心术的观点是有局限性的并且已经过时了。大多数当代读心术观点都大大低估了读心术的多样性和复杂性。她阐述了一种新的读心术理论,该理论考虑了关于群体内/群体外动态、社会偏见以及我们的目标和情境背景如何影响我们解释他人行为的前沿哲学和实证研究。斯波尔丁由此产生的读心术理论为我们理解他人的能力提供了一种更准确、更全面、或许更悲观的观点,具有重要的认识论和伦理意义。决定谁是值得信赖的、知识渊博的和有能力的人是在认识论和伦理学上充满争议的判断:她的新读心理论揭示了这些判断是如何做出的以及它们不可靠的条件。心理学哲学、心灵哲学、应用认识论、认知科学和道德心理学的学生以及对心理学概念问题感兴趣的学生将会对本书产生极大的兴趣。
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