More than a Glitch (The MIT Press) 绝不是小问题 科技中的种族 性别和能力偏见 精装 Meredith Broussard
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作者Meredith Broussard
出版社The MIT Press
ISBN9780262047654
出版时间1905-07
装帧精装
定价249元
货号YB-67910
上书时间2024-08-12
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The word “glitch” implies an incidental error, as easy to patch up as it is to identify. But what if racism, sexism, and ableism aren’t just bugs in mostly functional machinery—what if they’re coded into the system itself? In the vein of heavy hitters such as Safiya Umoja Noble, Cathy O’Neil, and Ruha Benjamin,?Meredith Broussard demonstrates in More Than a Glitch how neutrality in tech is a myth and why algorithms need to be held accountable. Broussard, a data scientist and one of the few Black female researchers in artificial intelligence, masterfully synthesizes concepts from computer science and sociology. She explores a range of examples: from facial recognition technology trained only to recognize lighter skin tones, to mortgage-approval algorithms that encourage discriminatory lending, to the dangerous feedback loops that arise when medical diagnostic algorithms are trained on insufficiently diverse data. Even when such technologies are designed with good intentions, Broussard shows, fallible humans develop programs that can result in devastating consequences. Broussard argues that the solution isn’t to make omnipresent tech more inclusive, but to root out the algorithms that target certain demographics as “other” to begin with. With sweeping implications for fields ranging from jurisprudence to medicine,?the?ground-breaking insights of More Than a Glitch are essential reading for anyone invested in building a more equitable future. “故障”一词意味着偶然的错误，修补起来很容易，也很容易识别。但是，如果种族主义、性别歧视和体能歧视不仅仅是功能性机器中的错误——如果它们被编码到系统本身中呢？梅雷迪思·布鲁萨德 (Meredith Broussard) 秉承 Safiya Umoja Noble、Cathy O'Neil 和 Ruha Benjamin 等重量级人物的风格，在《不止是一个小故障》中展示了技术中立性是如何是一个神话，以及为什么算法需要承担责任。布鲁萨德是一名数据科学家，也是人工智能领域为数不多的黑人女性研究人员之一，她巧妙地综合了计算机科学和社会学的概念。她探讨了一系列例子：从仅训练识别较浅肤色的面部识别技术，到鼓励歧视性贷款的抵押贷款审批算法，再到医疗诊断算法在不够多样化的数据上进行训练时出现的危险反馈循环。布鲁萨德表示，即使这些技术的设计初衷是好的，但容易犯错的人类开发的程序也可能导致毁灭性的后果。布鲁萨德认为，解决方案不是让无所不在的技术更具包容性，而是从一开始就**针对某些人口统计数据的算法。 《不仅仅是一个小故障》的开创性见解对从法学到医学等领域都有广泛的影响，对于任何投资建设更公平未来的人来说都是必不可少的读物。
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