目录 Contents Chapter 1 Technical Writing:A Brief Introduction-⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯1 1.1 Rhetorical Aspects of Technical Writing⋯2 1.2 The Author and Audience of Technical Writing⋯9 1.2.1 The Author of Technical Writing⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯9 1.2.2 The Audience of Technical Writing--⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯14 1.3 The lmportance of Technical Writing in theWorkplace15
Chapter 2 Constructing Effective Documents:Design Principles and Visualization⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯19 2.1 The C.R.A.P Principles⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯20 2.1.1 Contrast ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯20 2.1.2 Repetition⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯22 2.1.3 Alignment⋯23 2.1.4 Proximity ⋯25 2.2 Typefaces and Line Length ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯27 2.2.1 Typefaces⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯27 2.2.2 Line Length⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯29 2.3 Visualization in Technical Writing⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯30 2.3.1 Tables⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯30 2.3.2 Graphs ⋯⋯33 2.3.3 Charts⋯35 2.3.4 Infographics⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯38 2.3.5 Mind Maps⋯47
Chapter3 Writing Business Correspondence+⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯53 3.1 Principles of Effective Correspondence⋯54 3.1.1 Creating Goodwill⋯⋯⋯54 3.1.2 Communicating Honestly⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯5 3.1.3 Using a Suitable Tone and the "You"Attitude5 3.1.4 Providing Need-to-Know Information Accurately and Logically⋯55 3.1.5 Using Concise,Standard Language and Avoiding Cliches⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯56 3.2 Basic Pattern of Business Correspondence⋯56 3.2.1 Letters: Features, the Rhetorical Situation,and Elements ⋯⋯57 3.2.2 E-mails: Features, the Rhetorical Situation, Elements,and Netiquettes⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯60 3.2.3 Memos: Features, the Rhetorical Situation, Elements,and Format⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯63 3.3 Language Styles of Daily Correspondence ⋯⋯⋯69 3.3.1 Language for Informative and Good Messages --69 3.3.2 Language for Bad News Messages⋯⋯69 3.3.3 Language for Persuasive Messages⋯70 3.4 Chapter Examples⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯72
Chapter 4 Writing for Employment ⋯77 4.1 Resumé--78 4.2 Letter ofApplication---80 4.3 Follow-up Message82 4.4 Portfolio⋯⋯82 4.5 Chapter Example ⋯84
Chapter 5 Writing Proposals 89 5.1 Definition⋯⋯90 5.2 Rhetorical Situations-91 5.2.1 Author---91 5.2.2 Audience⋯91 5.2.3 Purpose⋯91 5.2.4 Format⋯⋯⋯⋯91 5.2.5 Structure⋯⋯⋯92 5.2.6 Strategy⋯⋯⋯92 5.3 Types of Proposals -93 5.3.1 Internal vs External Proposals-⋯93 5.3.2 Solicited vs Unsolicited Proposals⋯⋯93 5.3.3 Proposals for Specific Purposes⋯⋯93 5.4 How to Write a Persuasive Proposal-106 5.5 Chapter Example ⋯107
Chapter 6 Writing Reports⋯115 6.1 Definition--⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯116 6.2 Rhetorical Situations⋯116 6.2.1 Considering the Audience⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯116 6.2.2 Understanding the Purpose⋯⋯116 6.3 Types of Reports⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯117 6.4 Effective Strategies for Writing Persuasive Report⋯⋯135 6.5 Chapter Example ⋯⋯137
Chapter 7 Writing Instructions ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯-147 7.1 Rhetorical Situations⋯148 7.1.1 Understanding the Audience and the Purpose ⋯⋯⋯148 7.1.2 Gaining Insights into Products and Procedures ⋯⋯149 7.2 Formats and Key Components⋯149 7.2.1 Formats of Instructions⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯150 7.2.2 Key Components of Instructions⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯-154 7.3 Effective Strategies for Writing Effective Instructions ⋯158 7.3.1 Defining Key Concepts⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯-158 7.3.2 Writing Step-by-Step Instructions⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯161 7.3.3 Designing Clear,Attractive Pages ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯163 7.3.4 Writing Safety Information⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯166 7.4 Chapter Examples ⋯168
Chapter 8 Researching to Write⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯175 8.1 User Research-⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯176 8.1.1 How to Conduct User Research⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯176 8.1.2 Suggested Steps in Conducting User Research ⋯⋯⋯179 8.2 Task Analysis⋯⋯185 8.3 Interviews⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯186 8.4 Research Reports ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯187 8.5 User Personas⋯⋯⋯188 8.5.1 Understanding User Personas⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯188 8.5.2 Constructing and Utilizing User Personas⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯190 8.6 Chapter Example ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯191
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