目录 Chapter One Academic Writing:A Process of Creation 1.1 Creation:At the heart of research 1.2 Distinguishing between everyday genres and academic genres 1.3 Moving from topics to problems 1.4 Writing activities and prompts 1.5 Reference materials Chapter Two Reading Sources Critically 2.1 Observations versus inferences 2.2 Evaluating sources 2.3 Building an annotated bibliography 2.4 Writing activities and prompts 2.5 Reference materials Chapter Three Synthesizing the Literature Review 3.1 Synthesis:What is it 3.2 Synthesis points to a problem 3.3 Chronological organizational patterns 3.4 Comparison and contrast patterns 3.5 Writing activities, prompts, and peer review 3.6 Reference materials Chapter Four Paraphrasing without Plagiarizing 4.1 Plagiarism:What is it 4.2 Paraphrase: What makes it challenging to do well 4.3 Quotation: Why are direct quotations used less in the sciences than in the humanities 4.4 Writing activities, prompts, and peer review 4.5 Reference materials Chapter Five Criteria-based Reasoning 5.1 Questions that cannot be answered matter-of-factly 5.2 Killing the cliché "Every coin has two sides" Criteria-based reasoning in thesis-driven arguments 5.4 Writing activities and prompts 5.5 Reference materials Chapter Six Writing about Texts 6.1 Reading what is on the page 6.2 Evidence-based analysis of a text 6.3 Distinguishing between modernism and post-modernism 6.4 Writing activities, prompts, and peer review 6.5 Reference materials Chapter Seven Drafting the Argument 7.1 What is an argument 7.2 Thesis: Is the main claim arguable and sufficiently qualified 7.3 Structure: What kind of structure does the research question invite 7.4 Support: Are the reasons sufficiently developed with the best available evidence 7.5 Writing activities, prompts, and peer review 7.6 Reference materials Chapter Eight Writing a Research Proposal 8.1 Why write a proposal 8.2 Research question 8.3 Significance 8.4 Feasibility 8.5 Writing activities, prompts, and peer review
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