语言引论：An Introduction to Language (Eighth Edition)

图书标准信息

• 作者 [美]弗罗姆金 著
• 出版社 北京大学出版社
• 出版时间 2007-06
• 版次 1
• ISBN 9787301120132
• 定价 68.00元
• 装帧 平装
• 开本 16开
• 纸张 胶版纸
• 页数 586页
• 字数 800千字
• 正文语种 英语
• 丛书 西方语言学原版影印系列丛书

【内容简介】

　　每一章的全面更新：新增了沃尔夫假说，神经语言学的最新成果，双语及双语教学的最新资料，句法处理的新方法，可以反映现代思维方式的语义语用学的新篇章，修订后的社会语言学一章侧重于最新的发现，另外还有一部分详细介绍了句法变化的问题。对语言学各组成部分(语音、音系、词法、句法、语义以及语用学)的最新、流行的导论性介绍。对美国符号语言学及通过文本体现的其他符号语言的介绍，使读者认识到这些符号语言也具备那些可以通过口头表达的语言的共同特点，也是真正的语言形式。每一章的结尾部分都会对重点部分做一总结，并会列出相应的参考书目、进一步研究所需的阅读材料以及相关练习。书中使用的国际音标的用法。大量简洁的术语注释，详细的索引，都使文章易读易懂。
　　为您提供更为丰富的教与学资源，例如：网上测验、期末考试、章节提纲、书评、网站链接以及动画卡片等。

【目录】

Contents
Preface
AbouttheAuthors
PARTI
TheNatureofHumanLanguage
CHAPTER
WhatIsLanguage?
LinguisticKnowledge
KnowledgeoftheSoundSystem
KnowledgeofWords
ArbitraryRelationofFormand
Meaning
TheCreativityofLinguistic
Knowledge
KnowledgeofSentencesand
Nonsentences
LinguisticKnowledgeandPerformance
WhatIsGrammar?
DescriptiveGrammars
PrescriptiveGrammars
TeachingGrammars
LanguageUniversals
TheDevelopmentofGrammar
SignLanguages：EvidencefortheInnatenessofLanguage
AmericanSignLanguage
Animal"Languages"
"Talking"Parrots
TheBirdsandtheBees
LanguageandThought
WhatWeKnowaboutLanguage
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
CHAPTER2
BrainandLanguage
TheHumanBrain
TheLocalizationofLanguageintheBrain
Aphasia
BrainImagingTechnology
BrainPlasticityandLateralization
inEarlyLife
SplitBrains
OtherExperimentalEvidenceofBrain
Organization
TheAutonomyofLanguage
OtherDissociationsofLanguageandCognition
Laura
Christopher
GeneticBasisofLanguage
LanguageandBrainDevelopment
TheCriticalPeriod
ACriticalPeriodforBirdSong
TheEvolutionofLanguage
IntheBeginning：TheOriginofLanguage
GodsGifttoMankind?
TheFirstLanguage
HumanInventionortheCriesofNature?
TheDevelopmentofLanguageintheSpecies
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
PART2
GrammaticalAspectsofLanguage
CHAPTER3
Morphology：TheWordsofLanguage
Dictionaries
ContentWordsandFunctionWords
Morphemes：TheMinimalUnitsofMeaning
BoundandFreeMorphemes
PrefixesandSuffixes
Infixes
Circumfixes
RootsandStems
HucklesandCeives
RulesofWordFormation
DerivationalMorphology
TheHierarchicalStructureofWords
MoreaboutDerivational
Morphemes
LexicalGaps
RuleProductivity
"PulletSurprises"
SignLanguageMorphology
WordCoinage
WordsfromNames
Back-Formations
Compounds
MeaningofCompounds
UniversalityofCompounding
Blends
ReducedWords
InflectionalMorphemes
ExceptionsandSuppletions
MorphologyandSyntax
MorphologicalAnalysis：IdentifyingMorphemes
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
CHAPTER4
Syntax：TheSentencePatternsofLanguage
WhattheSyntaxRulesDo
WhatGrammaticalityIsNotBasedOn
SentenceStructure
ConstituentsandConstituencyTests
SyntacticCategories
PhraseStructureTreesandRules
SomeConventionsforBuildingPhrase
StructureTrees
TheInfinityofLanguage
HeadsandComplements
Selection
WhatHeadstheSentence
StructuralAmbiguities
MoreStructures
SentenceRelatedness
TransformationalRules
Structure-DependentRules
SyntacticDependencies
WhQuestions
UGPrinciplesandParameters
SignLanguageSyntax
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
CHAPTER5
TheMeaningofLanguage
WhatSpeakersKnowaboutSentenceMeaning
Truth
EntailmentandRelatedNotions
Ambiguity
CompositionalSemantics
SemanticRules
SemanticRuleI
SemanticRuleII
henCompositionality
GoesAwry
Anomaly
Metaphor
Idioms
LexicalSemantics(WordMeanings)
TheoriesofWordMeaning
Reference
Sense
LexicalRelations
SemanticFeatures
EvidenceforSemanticFeatures
SemanticFeaturesandGrammar
ArgumentStructure
ThematicRoles
Pragmatics
Pronouns
PronounsandSyntax
PronounsandDiscourse
Deixis
MoreonSituationalContext
MaximsofConversation
Implicatures
SpeechActs
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
CHAPTER6
Phonetics：TheSoundsofLanguage
SoundSegments
IdentityofSpeechSounds
ThePhoneticAlphabet
ArticulatoryPhonetics
Consonants
PlacesofArticulation
MannerofArticulation
PhoneticSymbolsforAmericanEnglishConsonants
Vowels
LipRounding
Diphthongs
NasalizationofVowels
TenseandLaxVowels
Different(Tongue)StrokesforDifferentFolks
MajorPhoneticClasses
NoncontinuantsandContinuants
ObstruentsandSonorants
Consonantal
SyllabicSounds
ProsodicFeatures
ToneandIntonation
PhoneticSymbolsandSpellingCorrespondences
The"Phonetics"ofSignedLanguages
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
CHAPTER7
Phonology：TheSoundPatternsofLanguage
ThePronunciationofMorphemes
ThePronunciationofPlurals
AdditionalExamplesofAllomorphs
Phonemes：ThePhonologicalUnitsofLanguage
VowelNasalizationinEnglishas
anIllustrationofAllophones
Allophonesof/t/
MinimalPairsinASL
ComplementaryDistribution
DistinctiveFeaturesofPhonemes
FeatureValues
NondistinctiveFeatures
PhonemicPatternsMayVaryAcross
Languages
NaturalClassesofSpeechSounds
FeatureSpecificationsforAmerican
EnglishConsonantsandVowels
TheRulesofPhonology
AssimilationRules
DissimilationRules
Feature-ChangingRules
SegmentInsertionandDeletion
Rules
Movement(Metathesis)Rules
FromOnetoManyandfromManytoOne
TheFunctionofPhonologicalRules
SlipsoftheTongue：Evidence
forPhonologicalRules
ProsodicPhonology
SyllableStructure
WordStress
SentenceandPhraseStress
Intonation
SequentialConstraintsofPhonemes
LexicalGaps
WhyDoPhonologicalRulesExist?
PhonologicalAnalysis：DiscoveringPhonemes
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
PART3
ThePsychologyofLanguage
CHAPTER8
LanguageAcquisition
MechanismsofLanguageAcquisition
DoChildrenLearnthrough
Imitation?
DoChildrenLearnthrough
Reinforcement?
DoChildrenLearnLanguagethrough
Analogy?
DoChildrenLearnthroughStructured
Input?
ChildrenConstructGrammars
TheInnatenessHypothesis
StagesinLanguageAcquisition
ThePerceptionandProductionofSpeechSounds
FirstWords
TheDevelopmentofGrammar
TheAcquisitionofPhonology
TheAcquisitionofWordMeaning
TheAcquisitionofMorphology
TheAcquisitionofSyntax
TheAcquisitionofPragmatics
TheDevelopmentofAuxiliaries：ACaseStudy
SettingParameters
TheAcquisitionofSignedLanguages
KnowingMoreThan
OneLanguage
ChildhoodBilingualism
TheoriesofBilingualDevelopment
TwoMonolingualinOneHead
TheRoleofInput
CognitiveEffectsofBilingualism
SecondLanguageAcquisition
IsL2AcquisitiontheSameasLI
Acquisition?
NativeLanguageInfluenceinL2
Acquisition
TheCreativeComponentofL2
Acquisition
IsThereaCriticalPeriodforL2
Acquisition?
Second-LanguageTeachingMethods
CanChimpsLearnHumanLanguage?
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
CHAPTER9
LanguageProcessing：HumansandComputers
TheHumanMindatWork：HumanLanguageProcessing
Comprehension
TheSpeechSignal
SpeechPerceptionandComprehension
Bottom-upandTop-downModels
LexicalAccessandWordRecognition
SyntacticProcessing
SpeechProduction
PlanningUnits
LexicalSelection
ApplicationandMisapplication
ofRules377NonlinguisticInfluences
ComputerProcessingofHumanLanguage
FrequencyAnalysis，Concordances，
andCollocations
InformationRetrievaland
Summarization
SpellCheckers
MachineTranslation
ComputersThatTalkandListen
ComputationalPhoneticsandPhonology
ComputationalMorphology
ComputationalSyntax
ComputationalSemantics
ComputationalPragmatics
ComputerModelsofGrammar
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
PART4
LanguageandSociety
CHAPTER10
LanguageinSociety
Dialects
RegionalDialects
Accents
DialectsofEnglish
SocialDialects
The"Standard"
AfricanAmericanEnglish
Latino(Hispanic)English
Genderlects
SotiolinguisticAnalysis
LanguagesinContact
LinguaFrancas
Pidgins
Creoles
LanguageinUse
Styles
Slang
JargonandArgot
TabooorNotTaboo?
Euphemisms
RacialandNationalEpithets
LanguageandSexism
MarkedandUnmarkedForms
TheGeneric"He"
SecretLanguagesandLanguageGames
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
CHAPTER11
LanguageChange：TheSyllablesofTime
TheRegularityofSound
Change
SoundCorrespondences
AncestralProtolanguages
PhonologicalChange
PhonologicalRules
TheGreatVowelShift
MorphologicalChange
SyntacticChange
LexicalChange
AdditionofNewWords
BorrowingsorLoanWords
HistorythroughLoanWords
LossofWords
SemanticChange
Broadening
Narrowing
MeaningShifts
Reconstructing"Dead"Languages
TheNineteenth-Century
Comparativists
Cognates
ComparativeReconstruction
HistoricalEvidence
ExtinctandEndangeredLanguages
TheGeneticClassificationofLanguages
LanguagesoftheWorld
TypesofLanguages
WhyDoLanguagesChange?
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
CHAPTER12
Writing：TheABCsofLanguage
TheHistoryofWriting
PictogramsandIdeograms
CuneiformWriting
TheRebusPrinciple
FromHieroglyphicstotheAlphabet
ModernWritingSystems
WordWriting
SyllabicWriting
ConsonantalAlphabetWriting
AlphabeticWriting
Reading，Writing，andSpeech
Reading
Spelling
SpellingPronunciations
Summary
ReferencesforFurtherReading
Exercises
GLOSSARY
INDEX567