金星在运转过程中 Venus in Transit 英文原版 天文学 科学探索
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作者Eli Maor
出版社普林斯顿大学
ISBN9780691115894
出版时间2004-02
印刷时间2004-02
印数1千册
装帧平装
开本32开
纸张轻型纸
页数232页
字数1千字
定价409元
上书时间2024-10-19
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基本信息
Format:Paperback / softback 232 pages, 14 halftones. 22 line illus. 7 tables.
Publisher:Princeton University Press
Imprint:Princeton University Press
ISBN:9780691115894
Published:1 Feb 2004
Weight:278g
Dimensions:140 x 216 x 15 (mm)
页面参数仅供参考，具体以实物为准
书籍简介
2004年，1882年金星从太阳“脸上”划过。一些人懒得过去探索，另一些人则计划了数年，预订了门票，以观看过境的全过程。但即使是这群天文学家和经验寻求者，也不是被科学目的所吸引，而是被这一事件的美丽、稀有，以及也许她的历史所吸引。不过对于以前的天空观察者来说，凌日提供了一次机会来确定重要的天文单位，即地球和太阳之间的平均距离。Eli Maor讲述了以前观察到的五次金星凌日的耐人寻味的故事，以及为记录它们所做的奇妙努力。这是一个关于英雄和懦夫的故事，关于赢得和挥霍名誉的故事，所有这些都是在惊人的地缘政治和科学变化的背景下讲述的。
Maor以小说家的天赋，讲述了开普勒被误导的神学如何引导他发现行星运动规律的故事；讲述了默默无闻的耶利米-霍洛克斯的故事，他预测了1639年的天体过境，但在他与已知的见过天体过境的人讨论这一事件的前一天，22岁的他死了。不幸的Le Gentil，他十年的努力换来的是乌云密布、船毁人亡，以及他的财产被过早宣布死亡的亲属掠夺；美国天文学之父David Rittenhouse，他被1769年过境的开始所征服，没有记录下它的开始；还有Maximilian Hell，他的好名声长期以来一直被一个色盲的评论家所阅读。在个人命运之外，莫尔还记录了各国政府如何参与国际科学努力——从70个站点观测1761年的凌日，利用埃德蒙·哈雷的遗嘱对天文单位进行了惊人的精确计算，与七年战争、英国的南洋扩张以及美国科学地位的不断提高交织在一起。
在整个过程中，Maor引导读者了解即将在2004年和2012年发生的金星凌日，这是见证在世的人从未见过的现象的机会，在2117年之前不会再出现。
In 2004, Venus crossed the sun's face for the first time since 1882. Some did not bother to step outside. Others planned for years, reserving tickets to see the transit in its entirety. But even this group of astronomers and experience seekers were attracted not by scientific purpose but by the event's beauty, rarity, and perhaps--after this book--history. For previous sky-watchers, though, transits afforded the only chance to determine the all-important astronomical unit: the mean distance between earth and sun. Eli Maor tells the intriguing tale of the five Venus transits previously observed and the fantastic efforts made to record them. This is a story of heroes and cowards, of reputations earned and squandered, all told against a backdrop of phenomenal geopolitical and scientific change.
With a novelist's talent for the details that keep readers reading late, Maor tells the stories of how Kepler's misguided theology led him to the laws of planetary motion; of obscure Jeremiah Horrocks, who predicted the 1639 transit only to die, at age 22, a day before he was to discuss the event with the only other human known to have seen it; of the unfortunate Le Gentil, whose decade of labor was rewarded with obscuring clouds, shipwreck, and the plundering of his estate by relatives who prematurely declared him dead; of David Rittenhouse, Father of American Astronomy, who was overcome by the 1769 transit's onset and failed to record its beginning; and of Maximilian Hell, whose good name long suffered from the perusal of his transit notes by a color-blind critic. Moving beyond individual fates, Maor chronicles how governments' participation in the first international scientific effort--the observation of the 1761 transit from seventy stations, yielding a surprisingly accurate calculation of the astronomical unit using Edmund Halley's posthumous directions--intersected with the Seven Years' War, British South Seas expansion, and growing American scientific prominence.
Throughout, Maor guides readers to the upcoming Venus transits in 2004 and 2012, opportunities to witness a phenomenon seen by no living person and not to be repeated until 2117
作者简介
Eli Maor在芝加哥的洛约拉大学教授数学史。他著有"e: The Story of a Number, Trigonometric Delights," and "To Infinity and Beyond" (all Princeton).
Eli Maor teaches History of Mathematics at Loyola University in Chicago. He is author of "e: The Story of a Number, Trigonometric Delights," and "To Infinity and Beyond" (all Princeton).
目录
Preface Prologue Ch. 1. The Dreamer Ch. 2. Dawn of a New Cosmology Ch. 3. A Sight Never Seen Before Ch. 4. Venus Stripped Bare Solar and Stellar Parallax Ch. 5. The Dance of Two Planets Ch. 6. A Call for Action Ch. 7. Venus Returns Ch. 8. A Second Chance Ch. 9. The Next Two Appointments Father Hell: Falsely Accused Afterthoughts Ch. 10. Transits of Fancy Ch. 11. A View from Other Worlds Ch. 12. June 8, 2004 App. 1. Halley's Method App. 2. Times of the Transit of June 8, 2004, for Some Major Cities App. 3. Dates of Some Past and Future Transits Bibliography Illustration Credits Index
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