目录 Part I Speech Unit 1 Introduction Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 2 Welcome Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 3 Farewell Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks 020 Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 4 Birthday Party Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Readin.q and Assignments Unit 5 Wedding Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 6 Anniversary Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 7 Festival Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 8 Opening Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 9 Closing Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 10 Celebration Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 11 Award Presentation Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 12 Award Acceptance Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 13 Graduation Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 14 Thank-You Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 15 Promotion Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks L54 Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 16 Memorial Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 17 Toasts Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments Unit 18 Inaugural Speeches Section I Preliminary Tasks Section II Special Occasion Speeches Section III Guide to Public Speaking Section IV Reading and Assignments …… Part Ⅱ Debate
内容摘要 Although much larger numbers of invertebrates are used and the use of flies and worms as model organisms is very important, experiments on invertebrates are largely unregulated and not included in statistics. Most animals are euthanized after being used in an experiment. Sources of laboratory animals vary between countries and species; while most animals are purpose-bred, others may be caught in the wild or supplied by dealers who obtain them from auctions and pounds. The research is conducted inside universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, farms, defense establishments, and commercial facilities that provide animal-testing services to industry. It includes pure research such as genetics, developmental biology, behavioral studies, as well as applied research such as biomedical research, xenotransplantation, drug testing and toxicology tests, including cosmetics testing. Animals are also used for education, breeding, and defense research. The topic is highly controversial. Supporters of the practice, such as the British Royal Society, argue that virtually every medical achievement in the 20th century relied on the use of animals in some way, with the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences arguing that even sophisticated computers are unable to model interactions between molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organisms, and the environment, making animal research necessary in some areas. ……
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