作者简介 玛丽·伍德·科诺格，语言学博士，杰出的作者、教师和编辑，具有广博的语言教学经验和英语类参考用书的写作经验。获得波士顿大学和哥伦比亚大学、威尔斯利女子学院的希腊语和拉丁语学位后，曾就职于高等院校教授这两种语言。在美国韦氏出版公司担任作者和编辑的二十余年间，先后参与了许多韦氏的词典编辑项目的策划与编写—-其中包括她作为作者的Merriam-Webster s Vocabulary Builder （《韦氏单词扩词法》）和她作为编者之一的Merriam-Webster s Reader s Handbook(《书氏读者手册》)。
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ANSWERS
INDEX
内容摘要 PACPAC PAC is related to the Latin words for “agree” and “peace.” The Pacific Ocean—that is, the “Peaceful Ocean”—was named by Ferdinand Magellan because it seemed so calm after he had sailed through the storms near Cape Horn. (Magellan obviously had never witnessed a Pacific typhoon.) PAC与拉丁语中表示“同意”和“平静”的单词有关。Pacific Ocean（太平洋）——即“平静的海洋”——是费迪南德·麦哲伦命名的，因为在航海穿过好望角附近的暴风雨后，他看到的这个海洋似乎非常平静。(麦哲伦显然从未见过太平洋的台风。) pacify＼pasfī＼(1) To soothe anger or agitation. 使平静，安抚 (2) To subdue by armed action. 平定，平息●It took the police hours to pacify the angry demonstrators. 警察花了好几个小时才安抚了愤怒的示威者。Someone stirred up by a strong emotion can usually be pacified by some kind words and the removal of its causes. Unhappy babies are often given a rubber pacifier for sucking to make them stop crying. During the Vietnam War, pacification of an area meant using armed force to drive out the enemy, which might be followed by bringing the local people over to our side by building schools and providing social services. But an army can often bring “peace” by pure force, without soothing anyones emotions.施以温言善语并消除引发情绪的原因，通常可以安抚情绪激动的人。婴儿不开心时，给个rubber pacifier（橡皮奶嘴）来吮吸，他们就不哭了。在越南战争期间，一个地区的pacification （平定）意味着先用武力驱逐敌人，再修建学校和提供社会服务，以此把当地人拉拢过来。但是军队常常纯用武力带来“和平”，而不安抚任何人的情绪。 pacifist＼pasfist＼A person opposed to war or violence, especially someone who refuses to bear arms or to fight, on moral or religious grounds. 和平主义者，反战主义者●Her grandfather had fought in the Marines in World War II, but in his later years he had become almost a pacifist,opposing every war for one reason or another. 第二次世界大战中，她的祖父曾在海军陆战队服役。但他在晚年却几乎成了和平主义者，以种种原因反对每一场战争。The Quakers and the Jehovahs Witnesses are pacifist religious groups, and Henry David Thoreau and Martin Luther King are probably the most famous American pacifists. Like these groups and individuals, pacifists havent always met with sympathy or understanding.Refusing to fight ever, for any reason, calls for strong faith in ones own moral or religious convictions, since pacifism during war time has often gotten people persecuted and even thrown in prison.贵格会和耶和华见证会都是pacifist religious groups（和平主义宗教团体），亨利·戴维·梭罗和和马丁·路德·金都是美国著名的pacifist(和平主义者)。与这些团体和个人一样，和平主义者并不总能得到同情和理解。由于战争期间的pacifism（和平主义）经常致使人们受到迫害，甚至被关进监狱，因此，无论出于何种理由拒绝战争，都需要有坚定的道德或宗教信仰。 pact＼pakt＼An agreement between two or more people or groups; a treaty or formal agreement between nations to deal with a problem or to resolve a dispute. 协议，条约，公约●The girls made a pact never to reveal what had happened on that terrifying night in the abandoned house. 这些女孩们约定，永远不透露那个可怕的夜晚在那所废弃的房子里所发生的事情。Pact has “peace” at its root because a pact often ends a period of unfriendly relations. The word is generally used in the field of international relations, where diplomats may speak of an “arms pact,” a “trade pact,” or a “fishingrights pact.” But it may also be used for any solemn agreement or promise between two people; after all, whenever two parties shake hands on a deal, theyre not about to go to war with each other.pact的词根含有“和平”的意思，因为签订一个条约常常会终结一段不友好的关系。这个词语通常用在国际关系领域，外交官们可能会谈到“武器协定”“贸易协定”或“捕鱼权协定”等。但它也可以用于两个人之间的庄严的协议或承诺。毕竟，不管什么时候，只要双方握手达成协议，他们都不会准备互相开战了。
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