实用工程地质学 实验与实践指导 9787030659439
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广东广州
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作者王胤
出版社科学出版社
ISBN9787030659439
出版时间2023-02
四部分类子部>艺术>书画
装帧平装
开本128开
定价45元
货号29172621
上书时间2024-10-19
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导语摘要
本书强化工程地质基础性实验实践教学，介绍了矿物、岩石和古生物化石的实验室标本鉴定，地质构造野外识别与特征分析等工程地质实践知识，也特别加强工程地质问题分析的实践教学，结合大连金石滩野外路线地质实习教学内容，编著了基岩海岸带斜坡地质灾害的野外调查与分析等教学实践环节，丰富了实践教学内涵。本书对于推动土木水利大类课程和专业建设、学科发展起到了重要的作用，同时极大地调动了学生室内实验和野外地质实习的积极性。
目录
Preface
Chapter 1 Introduction to Engineering Geology 1
1.1 What Is Geology? 1
1.1.1 General Introduction 1
1.1.2 History and Development of Geology 2
1.2 Geologic Time 6
1.2.1 Relative Dating 6
1.2.2 Absolute Dating 7
1.2.3 Geologic Time Scale 8
1.3 Earth’s Internal Structure 9
1.3.1 The Crust 10
1.3.2 The Mantle 11
1.3.3 The Core 12
1.4 Plate Tectonics 13
1.4.1 Rigid Lithosphere Overlies Weak Asthenosphere 13
1.4.2 Earth’s Major Plates 14
1.4.3 Plate Movement 15
1.5 Engineering Geology 16
1.5.1 What Do Engineering Geologists Do? 16
1.5.2 What Do Engineering Geologists Need to Know? 17
1.5.3 The Role of an Engineering Geologist in a Project 18
Chapter 2 Minerals 21
2.1 Crystalline Nature 21
2.2 Properties of Minerals 25
2.2.1 Physical Properties 25
2.2.2 Chemical and Other Properties 33
2.2.3 Rock-forming Minerals 33
2.3 Mineral Classification 34
2.3.1 Native Elements 34
2.3.2 Oxides 35
2.3.3 Sulfides and Sulfates 35
2.3.4 Carbonates 35
2.3.5 Phosphates 36
2.3.6 Silicates 36
2.4 Main Minerals and Descriptions 40
2.5 Fundamental Requirements and Methods for Minerals 48
2.6 Practice of Minerals 48 Appendix Ch.2.1 50
Chapter 3 Rocks 51
3.1 Igneous Rocks 53
3.1.1 Classification 53
3.1.2 Identification 53
3.1.3 Common Igneous Rocks 56
3.1.4 Practice 59
3.2 Sedimentary Rocks 59
3.2.1 Classification 60
3.2.2 Lithification 61
3.2.3 Identification 63
3.2.4 Common Sedimentary Rocks 67
3.2.5 Practice 68
3.3 Metamorphic Rocks 69
3.3.1 Alteration due to Metamorphism 69
3.3.2 Types of Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks 72
3.3.3 Classification Identification 74
3.3.4 Practice 76
3.4 Fundamental Requirements and Methods for Rocks 76
3.4.1 Aims and Requirements 76
3.4.2 Materials and Tools 76
3.4.3 Identification Methods 77 Appendix Ch.3.1 78
Chapter 4 Geological Structures 81
4.1 Rock Deformation 81
4.1.1 Stress and Strain 81
4.1.2 Factors Affecting Rock Deformation 82
4.2 Folds 83
4.2.1 Fold Anatomy 83
4.2.2 Types of Folds 84
4.2.3 Relationships of Strata in Folds 85
4.3 Faults 86
4.3.1 Fault Anatomy 86
4.3.2 Type of Faults 87
4.3.3 Recognition of Faults 90
4.4 Joints 92
4.4.1 Definition of Joints 92
4.4.2 TypesofJoints 93
4.4.3 Description of Joints in Rock Mass 94
4.4.4 Joints and Rock Quality Indices 96
4.5 Orientation of Geological Structures and Measurement 98
4.5.1 Orientation 98
4.5.2 Instruments Used in the Field 99
4.5.3 Procedure of Measurement with a Compass 100
4.5.4 Measuring Strike and Dip 101
4.5.5 Measuring the Trend and Plunge of Linear Features 103
4.5.6 Care and Adjustment of the Brunton Compass 104
4.6 Fundamental Requirements and Methods for Geological Structures 104
4.7 Practice 105 Appendix Ch.4.1 108
Chapter 5 Local Geology in Dalian Jinshitan 109
5.1 Geographic Conditions 109
5.1.1 Dalian Region 109
5.1.2 Jinshitan Scenic Area 111
5.2 Geology in Dalian Region 112
5.2.1 Liaonan System 116
5.2.2 Sinian System 117
5.2.3 Cambrian System 118
5.2.4 Geology in Jinshitan Scenic Area 120
5.3 Typical Geological Landforms 121
5.3.1 Daheishan Mountain Area 121
5.3.2 The Southern Beach 126
5.3.3 Lüshunkou Bay Area 131
Chapter 6 Field Practice 135
6.1 Basic Principles 135
6.1.1 Sedimentary Structures and Environment 135
6.1.2 Lithostratigraphy 142
6.1.3 Coast and Coastal Process 144
6.2 Geology in Field Routine 151
6.2.1 Site A: Dinosaur Garden 151
6.2.2 Site B: Huge Turtle Beach 158
6.2.3 Site C: Rose Stone Garden 162
6.2.4 Site D: Golden Stone Garden 165
6.3 Requirements and Tasks 168
References 170
内容摘要
本书强化工程地质基础性实验实践教学，介绍了矿物、岩石和古生物化石的实验室标本鉴定，地质构造野外识别与特征分析等工程地质实践知识，也特别加强工程地质问题分析的实践教学，结合大连金石滩野外路线地质实习教学内容，编著了基岩海岸带斜坡地质灾害的野外调查与分析等教学实践环节，丰富了实践教学内涵。本书对于推动土木水利大类课程和专业建设、学科发展起到了重要的作用，同时极大地调动了学生室内实验和野外地质实习的积极性。
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