The charaaeristics of interaaions involving language learners
Discourse management
Discourse repair
Repair in conversational analysis
Scaffolding
Summary
Input and interaction in first language acquisition
Input and interaction in second language acquisition
Research based on the computation model of L2 acquisition
Sociocultural accunts of imteraction and L2 acquisition
Conclusion
7 Socialaspeasofsecondlanguageacquisition
Introduction
Psycholinguistic versus sociolinguistic SLA
The social settings of L2 learning
Natural versus educatronal settings
Natural settrngs
Educational settings
Summary
Social factors and second language acquisition
Age
Sex and gender
Social class
Etbnic identity
Summary-323
Situational factors and L2 acquisition
Social theories of L2 acquisition
The Acculturatron Model
The Socro-educational Model
The Inter-group Model
Language socralization
Socral rdentity tbeory
Conclusion
PART FOUR Explaining second language acquisition: internal factors
8Language transfer
Introduaion
Terminological issues
The methodology of transfer studies
Transfer as 4 communicatron, and learning process
Choice of data for the suty of transfer
Identifying instances of transfer
Measuring crosslinguistic effcts
Earlydays
The Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis
The minimalist plsition
Reappraisal
Evidence of transfer effects
Production
Reception
Conceptual trans fer
Constraints on transfer
Sociolinguistic factors
Markedness
Prototypicality
Language distance and psychotyplolgy
Developmental factors
Summary
Tbwards a theory of language transfer
1 Transfer occurs in both commumication and in learing
2 Transfe arises as a result of both differences and similarities between the target language and the L1
3Transfer works in conjunction with other factors
4 Transfer is both a conscious and subconscious process
5Transfer is both conceptual and linguistic
6 Transfer is ultimately a subjective phenomenon
Conclusion:problems in the study of transfer
9Cognitive accounts of second language acquisition
Introduction
The computational model
The representation of L2 knowledge
Early interlanguage theory
Variable L2 knowledge
Functionalist views of L2 knowledge
Implicit and explicit L2 knowledge
Declarative and procdural L2 knowledge
The dual-mode system
Concluding comments
The processes of L2 acquisition
Micro-processes
Macro-processes
Final comment on the study of processes of L2 acquisition
Cognitive theories of L2 acquisition
……
PART FIVE Explaining individual differences in second language
PART SIX The brain and L2 acquisition
PART SEVEN Classroom second language acquisition
PART EIGHT Conclusion
Glossary
Bibliography
Author index
Subject index
内容摘要 This book provides an extensive and accessible introduction to the field of second language acquisition research.It fully updates chapters fi'om the first edition and includes new chapters reviewing work on second language acquisition from sociocultural and neurobiological perspectives.The new edition ensures its place as a standard reference work for researchers and for teachers and students on MA/Diploma courses in TESOL or Applied Linguistics.Rod Ellis presents a highly readable and balanced account of how the field has developed and expanded over the last forty years.There are sections on the description of learner language, the role of the linguistic environment, the learner's internal mechanisms, individual learner differences, and instructed second language acquisition.The first edition won the English Speaking Union's Duke of Edinburgh Book Competition.
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