2.数据控制者和处理者的义务。对于数据控制者,GDPR要求符合条件的控制者必须设立数据保护专员(Data Protection Officer)或者指定代表负责数据保护事宜。在设计产品和服务时必须嵌入数据保护(Compliance by Design和Compliance by Default) 。对个人数据要采取安全保障措施,包括数据的假名化;对于高风险的数据处理活动,要进行数据保护影响评估和事先协商;在发生数据泄露时,要及时通知监管机构等。
General Data Protection Regulation (Legislative acts)
Whereas
CHAPTER I General provisions
Article 1 Subject-matter and objectives
Article 2 Material scope
Article 3 Territorial scope
Article 4 Definitions
CHAPTER II Principles
Article 5 Principles relating to processing of personal data
Article 6 Lawfulness of processing
Article 7 Conditions for consent
Article 8 Conditions applicable to child's consent in relation to information society services
Article 9 Processing of special categories of personal data
Article 10 Processing of personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences
Article 11 Processing which does not require identification
CHAPTER III Rights of the data subject
Section 1 Transparency and modalities
Article 12 Transparent information, communication and modalities for the exercise of the rights of the data Subject
Section 2 Information and access to personal data
Article 13 Information to be provided where personal data are collected from the data subject
Article 14 Information to be provided where personal data have not been obtained from the data subject
Article 15 Right of access by the data subject
Section 3 Rectification and erasure
Article 16 Right to rectification
Article 17 Right to erasure (‘right to be forgotten’)
Article 18 Right to restriction of processing
Article 19 Notification obligation regarding rectification or erasure of personal data or restriction of Processing
Article 20 Right to data portability
Section 4 Right to object and automated individual decision-making
Article 21 Right to object
Article 22 Automated individual decision-making, including profiling
Section 5 Restrictions
Article 23 Restrictions
CHAPTER IV Controller and processor
Section 1 General obligations
Article 24 Responsibility of the controller
Article 25 Data protection by design and by default
Article 26 Joint controllers
Article 27 Representatives of controllers or processors not established in the Union
Article 28 Processor
Article 29 Processing under the authority of the controller or processor
Article 30 Records of processing activities
Article 31 Cooperation with the supervisory authority
Section 2 Security of personal data
Article 32 Security of processing
Article 33 Notification of a personal data breach to the supervisory authority
Article 34 Communication of a personal data breach to the data subject
Section 3 Data protection impact assessment and prior consultation
Article 35 Data protection impact assessment
Article 36 Prior consultation
Section 4 Data protection officer
Article 37 Designation of the data protection officer
Article 38 Position of the data protection officer
Article 39 Tasks of the data protection officer
Section 5 Codes of conduct and certification
Article 40 Codes of conduct
Article 41 Monitoring of approved codes of conduct
Article 42 Certification
Article 43 Certification bodies
CHAPTER V Transfers of personal data to third countries or international organisations
Article 44 General principle for transfers
Article 45 Transfers on the basis of an adequacy decision
Article 46 Transfers subject to appropriate safeguards
Article 47 Binding corporate rules
Article 48 Transfers or disclosures not authorised by Union law
Article 49 Derogations for specific situations
Article 50 International cooperation for the protection of personal data
CHAPTER VI Independent supervisory authorities
Section 1 Independent status
Article 51 Supervisory authority
Article 52 Independence
Article 53 General conditions for the members of the supervisory authority
Article 54 Rules on the establishment of the supervisory authority
Section 2 Competence, tasks and powers
Article 55 Competence
Article 56 Competence of the lead supervisory authority
Article 57 Tasks
Article 58 Powers
Article 59 Activity reports
CHAPTER VII Cooperation and consistency
Section 1 Cooperation
Article 60 Cooperation between the lead supervisory authority and the other supervisory authorities concerned
Article 61 Mutual assistance
Article 62 Joint operations of supervisory authorities
Section 2 Consistency
Article 63 Consistency mechanism
Article 64 Opinion of the Board
Article 65 Dispute resolution by the Board
Article 66 Urgency procedure
Article 67 Exchange of information
Section 3 European data protection board
Article 68 European Data Protection Board
Article 69 Independence
Article 70 Tasks of the Board
Article 71 Reports
Article 72 Procedure
Article 73 Chair
Article 74 Tasks of the Chair
Article 75 Secretariat
Article 76 Confidentiality
CHAPTER VIII Remedies, liability and penalties
Article 77 Right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority
Article 78 Right to an effective judicial remedy against a supervisory authority
Article 79 Right to an effective judicial remedy against a controller or processor
Article 80 Representation of data subjects
Article 81 Suspension of proceedings
Article 82 Right to compensation and liability
Article 83 General conditions for imposing administrative fines
Article 84 Penalties
CHAPTER IX Provisions relating to specific processing situations
Article 85 Processing and freedom of expression and information
Article 86 Processing and public access to official documents
Article 87 Processing of the national identification number
Article 88 Processing in the context of employment
Article 89 Safeguards and derogations relating to processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes
Article 90 Obligations of secrecy
Article 91 Existing data protection rules of churches and religious associations
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