Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Laocins the Person and the Laotzu the Book 1.1.1 Laocius the Person 1.1.2 The Laotzu the Book 1.2 Objectives of the Study 1.3 Theoretical Framework 1.3.1 Theory of Translator's Subjectivity 1.3.2 The Application of the Theory of the Translator's Subjectivity 1.4 The Organization of the Book
Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction to the Editions of the Laotzu 2.1.1 The Earliest Editions of the Laotzu 2.1.2 The Popular Editions of the Laotzu 2.2 Previous Studies of the English Translations of the Laotzu 2.2.1 Previous Studies of the English Translations of the Laotzu in China 2.2.2 Previous Studies of the English Translations of the Laotzu Abroad 2.3 Summary
Chapter 3 The Study of The Translators of the Laotzu 3.1 Representative of Translators of the Laotzuin China Lin Yutang 3.1.1 Introduction 3.1.2 Lin Yutang 3.1.3 Lin Yutang's English Translation of the Laotzu and His Criteria of Translation 3.1.4 Conclusion 3.2 Representative of Translators of the Laotzu in the West—— Arthur Waley 3.2.1 Introduction 3.2.2 Arthur Waley 3.2.3 Arthur Waley's English Translation of the Laotzu and the Translator's Subjectivity 3.2.4 Conclusion 3.3 Summary
Chapter 4 The Study of the Different English Versions of the Laotzu 4.1 A Brief Introduction to the English Versions 4.1.1 The English Versions in the Christian Background 4.1.2 The English Versions in the Tao-Wisdom Seeking Background 4.1.3 The English Versions in the Multi-Cultural Background 4.2 Comparison of Two English Versions of the Laotzu 4.2.1 Differences Attributed to Variations in the Environment of Translation 4.2.2 Differences Due to Different Translator-Oriented Strategies 4.2.3 Variations Caused by Different Translation Purposes and Target Readers 4.3 Summary
Chapter 5 The Representation of Translator's Subjectivity in the English Translations of Laocius' Femininity 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Laocius' Femininity 5.3 Translator's Subjectivity and English Translations of Laocins' Femininity 5.3.1 English Translation of“母” (mu) and“雌 ”(ci) —— Seeking Common Grounds While Reserving Minor Differences 5.3.2 English Translation of“牝” (pin) —— Different People with Different Views 5.4 Evidence from English Literature 5.5 Summary
Chapter 6 Misinterpretations in the Translations of the Laotzu 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Cultural Misinterpretations 6.2.1 English Translation of“十有三” (shi you san) 6.2.2 The English Translation of“万物” (wan wu) 6.3 Linguistic Misinterpretation 6.3.1 The English Translation of“奥”(ao) 6.3.2 English Translation of“自然”(zi ran) 6.4 Summary
Chapter 7 Conclusions 7.1 Concluding Remarks 7.2 Limitations of the Present Study 7.3 Suggestions for Further Research Bibliography Appendix Research Project
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