西方哲学史：从苏格拉底到萨特及其后

图书标准信息

• 作者 [美]塞缪尔·E.斯塔姆（S.E.Stumpf）、詹姆斯·费舍尔（J.Fieser） 著
• 出版社 北京大学出版社
• 出版时间 2006-06
• 版次 1
• ISBN 9787301108079
• 定价 45.00元
• 装帧 平装
• 开本 16开
• 纸张 胶版纸
• 页数 498页
• 字数 550千字
• 正文语种 英语
• 丛书 北京大学西学景印丛书·哲学系列

【内容简介】

　　哲学史在很多方而就像史诗式的小说。可敬的先哲们为增慧后学，经过痛苦的思想砥砺，缔造了哲学传统。
　　在这巨大的哲学家族总会有一些“不安分子”(black—sheep)频生事端、搅动倪墙，甚至触怒当政者。哲学流派之间也经常针锋相时、势同水火，但却从未真正分出胜负。这些对峙随着传奇一起代际相传，表现为一种发展的进程。旧论弃如敝屣，新凋登堂入室，尽管有时候只是风行一时而已。
　　因此，正像一个大哲所说的，哲学史是观念的历险。这本书就是试图勾勒出这出大戏的线索。

【作者简介】

　　塞缪尔?E.斯塔姆毕业于芝加哥大学，获博士学位。哈佛大学福特基金和牛津大学洛克菲勒资助学者。曾担任梵德贝特大学哲学系系主任十五年之久，后一直在该大学教授法哲学和医疗哲学。斯塔姆教授在哲学领域涉猎广泛，也是哲学界活跃的组织者。斯塔姆教授于1998年去世。

【目录】

Preface1
PartOne
ANCIENTGREEKPHILOSOPHY
ChaperISocratesPredecessors5
WhatIsPermanentinExistence?7
Thales7
Anaximander8
Anaximenes10
TheMathematicalBasisofAllThings11
Pythagoras11
AttemptstoExplainChange15
Heraclitus15
Parmenides18
Zeno19
Empedocles22
Anaxagoras24
TheAtomists25
AtomsandtheVoid26
TheoryofKnowledgeandEthics28
Chapter2TheSophistsandSocrates29
TheSophists31
Protagoras32
Gorgias33
Thrasymachus34
Socrates34
SocratesLife35
SocratesasaPhilosopher37
SocratesTheoryofKnowledge：IntellectualMidwifery39
SocratesMoralThought42
SocratesTrialandDeath43
Chapter3Plato46
PlatosLife46
TheoryofKnowledge49
TheCave49
TheDividedLine51
TheoryofForms55
MoralPhilosophy59
TheConceptoftheSoul59
TheCauseofEvil：IgnoranceorForgetfulness61
RecoveringLostMorality62
VirtueasFulfillmentofFunction63
PoliticalPhilosophy64
TheStateasaGiantPerson65
ThePhilosopher-King66
TheVirtuesintheState67
TheDeclineoftheIdealState69
ViewoftheCosmos71
Chapter4Aristotle75
AristotlesLife75
Logic78
TheCategoriesandtheStartingPointofReasoning78
TheSyllogism79
Metaphysics81
TheProblemofMetaphysicsDefined81
SubstanceasthePrimaryEssenceofThings82
MatterandForm83
TheProcessofChange：TheFourCauses84
PotentialityandActuality85
TheUnmovedMover86
ThePlaceofHumans：Physics，Biology，andPsychology87
Physics87
Biology88
Psychology88
Ethics90
Typesof"Ends"90
TheFunctionofHumanBeings91
HappinessastheEnd92
VirtueastheGoldenMean93
DeliberationandChoice94
Contemplation94
Politics95
TypesofStates96
DifferencesandInequalities96
GoodGovernmentandRevolution97
PhilosophyofArt98
PartTwo
HELLENISTICANDMEDIEVALPHILOSOPHY
Chapter5ClassicalPhilosophyafterAristotle103
Epicureanism104
PhysicsandEthics105
GodandDeath106
ThePleasurePrinciple106
IndividualPleasureversusSocialDuty108
Stoicism108
WisdomandControlversusPleasure108
StoicTheoryofKnowledge110
MatterastheBasisofAllReality111
GoodinEverything111
FateandProvidence112
HumanNature112
EthicsandtheHumanDrama112
TheProblemofFreedom113
CosmopolitanismandJustice114
Skepticism114
TheSensesAreDeceptive117
MoreRulesRaiseDoubts117
MoralityPossiblewithoutIntellectualCertainty118
Plotinus119
GodastheOne120
TheMetaphorofEmanation121
Salvation124
Chapter6Augustine125
AugustinesLife125
HumanKnowledge128
OvercomingSkepticism128
KnowledgeandSensation128
TheTheoryofIllumination131
God132
TheCreatedWorld134
CreationfromNothing134
TheSeminalPrinciples135
MoralPhilosophy135
TheRoleofLove136
FreeWillastheCauseofEvil138
Justice139
TheHistoryandtheTwoCities140
History140
Chapter7PhilosophyintheEarlyMiddleAges142
Boethius142
TheConsolationofPhilosophy144
TheProblemofUniversals144
Pseudo-Dionysius146
JohnScotusErigena148
TheDivisionofNature148
NewSolutionstotheProblemofUniversals150
OdoandGuillaume：ExaggeratedRealism150
Roscellinus：Nominalism151
Abelard：ConceptualismorModerateRealism152
AnselmsOntologicalArgument153
AnselmsRealism153
OntologicalArgument155
GaunilonsRebuttal156
AnselmsReplytoGaunilon156
FaithandReasoninMuslimandJewishThought156
Avicenna157
Averro6s159
MosesMaimonides160
Chapter8AquinasandhisLateMedievalSuccessors163
AquinassLife164
BonaventuraandtheUniversityofParis166
PhilosophyandTheology167
FaithandReason168
ProofsofGodsExistence169
ProofsfromMotion，EfficientCause，andNecessaryBeing169
ProofsfromPerfectionandOrder170
AssessmentoftheProofs171
KnowledgeofGodsNature171
TheNegativeWay(ViaNegativa)172
KnowledgebyAnalogy172
Creation173
IstheCreatedOrderEternal?173
CreationoutofNothing174
IsThistheBestPossibleWorld?174
EvilasPrivation174
TheRangeofCreatedBeing：TheChainofBeing175
MoralityandNaturalLaw176
NaturalLaw177
TheState180
HumanNatureandKnowledge182
HumanNature182
Knowledge182
Scotus，Ockham，andEckhart183
Voluntarism183
Nominalism184
Mysticism186
PartThree
EARLYMODERNPHILOSOPHY
Chapter9PhilosophyduringtheRenaissance191
TheClosingoftheMiddleAges191
HumanismandtheItalianRenaissance193
Pico193
Machiavelli194
TheReformation196
Luther196
Erasmus198
SkepticismandFaith200
Montaigne200
Pascal203
TheScientificRevolution204
NewDiscoveriesandNewMethods205
ModemAtomism206
FrancisBacon208
DistempersofLearning209
IdolsoftheMind210
InductiveMethod211
ThomasHobbes212
InfluenceofGeometryuponHobbessThought212
BodiesinMotion：TheObjectofThought213
MechanicalViewofHumanThought215
PoliticalPhilosophyandMorality216
TheStateofNature217
ObligationintheStateofNature218
TheSocialContract219
CivilLawversusNaturalLaw220
Chapter10RationalismontheContinent222
Descartes223
Life223
DescartesMethod226
MethodicDoubt229
TheExistenceofGodandExternalThings230
MindandBody232
Spinoza234
Method234
God：SubstanceandAttribute236
TheWorldasModesofGodsAttributes237
Knowledge，Mind，andBody238
Ethics240
Leibniz241
Substance242
GodsExistence244
KnowledgeandNature246
Chapter11EmpiricisminBritain250
Locke251
LockesTheoryofKnowledge252
LockesMoralandPoliticalTheory257
Berkeley260
Hume267
HumesTheoryofKnowledge268
WhatExistsExternaltoUs?271
Ethics273
PartFour
LATEMODERNAND19TMCENTURYPHILOSOPHY
Chapter12Kant281
TheShapingofKantsProblem282
KantsCriticalPhilosophyandHisCopernicanRevolution284
TheWayofCriticalPhilosophy284
TheNatureofaprioriKnowledge285
TheSyntheticAPriori286
KantsCopernicanRevolution288
TheStructureofRationalThought289
TheCategoriesofThoughtandtheFormsofIntuition289
TheSelfandtheUnityofExperience290
PhenomenalandNoumenalReality291
TranscendentalIdeasofPureReasonasRegulativeConcepts291
TheAntinomiesandtheLimitsofReason292
ProofsofGodsExistence294
PracticalReason295
TheBasisofMoralKnowledge296
MoralityandRationality297
"Good"DefinedastheGoodWill297
TheCategoricalImperative298
TheMoralPostulates300
Aesthetics：TheBeautiful301
TheBeautifulasIndependentPleasantSatisfaction302
TheBeautifulasanObjectofUniversalDelight303
FinalityversusPurposeintheBeautifulObject303
Necessity，CommonSense，andtheBeautiful304
Chapter13GermanIdealism306
KantsImpactonGermanThought306
Hegel308
Life308
AbsoluteMind310
TheNatureofReality311
EthicsandPolitics316
AbsoluteSpirit320
Schopenhauer321
SchopenhauersLife321
ThePrincipleofSufficientReason324
TheWorldasWillandIdea326
TheGrotmdofPessimism328
IsThereAnyEscapefromthe"Will"?330
Chapter14UtilitarianismandPositivism332
Bentham332
BenthamsLife334
ThePrincipleofUtility335
LawandPunishment337
BenthamsRadicalism339
JohnStuartMill340
MillsVersionofUtilitarianism342
Liberty346
Comte347
ComtesLifeandTimes347
PositivismDefined350
TheLawoftheThreeStages351
ComtesSociologyand"ReligionofHumanity"352
Chapter15Kierkegaard，Marx，andNietzsche356
Kierkegaard357
HumanExistence358
TruthasSubjectivity359
TheAestheticStage360
TheEthicalStage361
TheReligiousStage362
Marx363
MarxsLifeandInfluences364
TheEpochsofHistory：MarxsDialectic367
TheSubstructure：TheMaterialOrder371
TheAlienationofLabor374
TheSuperstructure：TheOriginandRoleofIdeas376
Nietzsche378
NietzschesLife378
"GodisDead"380
TheApolonianversusDionysian381
MasterMoralityversusSlaveMorality383
TheWilltoPower385
RevaluationofAllMorals386
TheSuperperson387
PartFive
20THCENTURYANDCONTEMPORARYPHILOSOPHY
Chapter16PragmatismandProcessPhilosophy393
Pragmatism393
Peirce394
ATheoryofMeaning395
TheRoleofBelief395
TheElementsofMethod396
James397
PragmatismasaMethod398
ThePragmaticTheoryofTruth398
FreeWill400
TheWilltoBelieve401
Dewey403
TheSpectatorversusExperience403
Habit，Intelligence，andLearning405
ValueinaWorldofFact406
ProcessPhilosophy407
Bergson408
GoingAroundversusEnteringInto409
TheScientificWayofAnalysis411
TheMetaphysicalWayofIntuition412
TheProcessofDuration413
EvolutionandtheVitalImpulse414
MoralityandReligion415
Whitehead416
TheErrorofSimpleLocation417
Self-Consciousness418
Prehension419
EternalObjects420
Chapter17AnalyticPhilosophy422
BertrandRussell423
LogicalAtomism424
ProblemswithLogicalAtomism426
LogicalPositivism426
ThePrincipleofVerification427
RudolphCarnap428
ProblemswithLogicalPositivism432
QuinesCritiqueofEmpiricism433
LudwigWittgenstein434
WittgensteinsRoadtoPhilosophy434
TheNewWittgenstein437
LanguageGamesandFollowingRules438
ClarifyingMetaphysicalLanguage439
JohnAustin440
TheNotionof"Excuses"441
TheBenefitsofOrdinaryLanguage442
Chapter18PhenomenologyandExistentialism445
EdmundHusserl445
HusseflsLifeandInfluence445
TheCrisisofEuropeanScience447
DescartesandIntentionality449
PhenomenaandPhenomenologicalBracketting451
TheLife-World452
MartinHeidegger453
HeideggersLife453
DaseinasBeing-in-the-World454
DaseinasConcern455
ReligiousExistentialism456
KarlJaspers456
GabrielMarcel458
Jean-PaulSartre459
SartresLife459
ExistencePrecedesEssence462
FreedomandResponsibility464
NothingnessandBadFaith465
HumanConsciousness466
MarxismandFreedomRevisited468
MauriceMerleau-Ponty469
Merleau-PontysLife469
ThePrimacyofPerception471
TheRelativityofKnowledge472
PerceptionandPolitics473
Chapter19RecentPhilosophy475
TheMind-BodyProblem476
RyleandtheGl~ostintheMachine476
IdentityTheoryandFunctionalism480
SearleandtheChineseRoomArgument481
Rorty483
InfluenceofPragmatism485
TheContingencyofLanguage486
TheContingencyofSelfhood487
TheContingencyofCommunity489
VirtueTheoryRevisited490
ElizabethAnscombe490
NelNoddings492
ContinentalPhilosophy494
Structuralism494
Post-Structuralism496
Postmodemism497
GlossaryG-1
ASelectedBibliographyB-1
IndexI-1