目录 Introduction Chapter 1. The Sphere of Lexicons and Knowledge 1.1. Lexical semantics 1.1.1. Extension of lexical meaning 1.1.2. Paradigmatic relations of meaning 1.1.3. Theories of lexical meaning 1.2. Lexical databases 1.2.1. Standards for encoding and exchanging data 1.2.2. Standard character encoding 1.2.3. Content standards 1.2.4. Writing systems 1.2.5. A few lexical databases 1.3. Knowledge representation and ontologies 1.3.1. Knowledge representation 1.3.2. Ontologies Chapter 2. The Sphere of Semantics 2.1. Combinatorial semantics 2.1.1. Interpretive semantics 2.1.2. Generative semantics 2.1.3. Case grammar 2.1.4. Rastier's interpretive semantics 2.1.5. Meaning–text theory 2.2. Formal semantics 2.2.1. Propositional logic 2.2.2. First-order logic 2.2.3. Lambda calculus 2.2.4. Other types of logic Chapter 3. The Sphere of Discourse and Text 3.1. Discourse analysis and pragmatics 3.1.1. Fundamental concepts 3.1.2. Utterance production 3.1.3. Context, cotext and intertextuality 3.1.4. Information structure in discourse 3.1.5. Coherence 3.1.6. Cohesion 3.1.7. Ellipses 3.1.8. Textual sequences 3.1.9. Speech acts 3.2. Computational approaches to discourse 3.2.1. Linear segmentation of discourse 3.2.2. Rhetorical structure theory and automaticdiscourse analysis 3.2.3. Discourse interpretation: DRT 3.2.4. Processing anaphora Chapter 4. The Sphere of Applications 4.1. Software engineering for NLP software 4.1.1. Lifecycle of an NLP software 4.1.2. Software architecture for NLP 4.1.3. Serial architectures 4.1.4. Data-centered architectures 4.1.5. Object-oriented architectures
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