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库存3件
作者(英)阿伦·斯提比著
出版社清华大学出版社
ISBN9787302604174
出版时间2023-04
装帧平装
开本16开
定价118元
货号12653015
上书时间2024-09-20
Ecolinguistics: Language, Ecology and the Stories We Live By is a ground-breaking book
which reveals the stories that underpin unequal and unsustainable societies and searches
for inspirational forms of language that can help rebuild a kinder, more ecological world.
This new edition has been updated and expanded to bring together the latest ecolinguistic
studies with new theoretical insights and practical analyses.
The book presents a theoretical framework and practical tools for analysing the key
texts which shape the society we live in. The theory is illustrated through examples,
including the representation of environmental refugees in the media; the construction of
the selfish consumer in economics textbooks; the parallels between climate change denial
and coronavirus denial; the erasure of nature in the Sustainable Development Goals;
creation myths and how they orient people towards the natural world; and inspirational
forms of language in nature writing, Japanese haiku and Native American writing.
This edition provides an updated theoretical framework, new example analyses, and an
additional chapter on narratives.
Accompanied by a free online course with videos, PowerPoints, notes and exercises,
as well as a comprehensive glossary, this is essential reading for undergraduates,
postgraduates and researchers working in the areas of Discourse Analysis, Environmental
Studies and Communication Studies.
Arran Stibbe is Professor of Ecological Linguistics at the University of Gloucestershire.
He has an academic background in both linguistics and human ecology and combines
the two in his research and teaching. He is the founder of the International Ecolinguistics
Association, and author of Animals Erased: Discourse, Ecology and Reconnection with
Nature. He was awarded a National Teaching Fellowship by the Higher Education
Academy for teaching excellence and has published widely on discourse analysis of social
and ecological issues.
Preface to the Chinese Edition
I am delighted that this Chinese edition of my book Ecolinguistics: Language, Ecology and
the Stories We Live By will be published by Tsinghua University Press. Ecolinguistics is a
great passion of mine and is something which has benefited my life in many ways. I hope
that this edition of the book, with its very helpful Chinese introduction and notes, will help
others to discover the benefits that I have. Ecolinguistics is primarily an academic pursuit,
but people who study it find a new awareness of the world around them and how language
shapes that world. They find inspirational forms of language which help them rethink the
society that they are part of and imagine a new, more ecological civilization. This can
transform their own lives, making them more appreciative of the ecological systems that
life depends on and giving them the motivation to work with others to protect them.
There are many ways to tell the story of ecolinguistics. Traditionally, the story starts in
the 1970s, with sociolinguists such as Haugen who use the term ‘ecology’ as a metaphor
to describe the interaction of languages as if they were biological species (Haugen 1972).
The metaphor has the advantage of encouraging sociolinguists to pay more attention
to interaction and provides a political tool to represent languages that are declining in
use as ‘endangered’ and threatened with ‘extinction’. This may provide motivation to
protect linguistic diversity, as a parallel to biodiversity. However, the metaphor has its
limitations too — imposing the metaphor draws attention away from the many ways
that the interaction of languages is different from the interaction of species, so can
obscure as much as it reveals. More importantly, using ‘ecology’ as a metaphor erases
the actual ecology — the humans, animals, plants, forests, rain, oceans, soil, and the
ecosystems that life depends on. As it becomes clearer that those ecosystems are being
destroyed, it becomes increasingly important for all subjects to focus attention not only
on humans and human societies, but on the literal ecosystems that are necessary for their
continued survival. This is the central goal of the ‘ecological humanities’ — ecocriticism,
ecopsychology, ecofeminism and many others including, of course, ecolinguistics.
Rather than starting the story of ecolinguistics with the early explorations of ‘language
ecology’, therefore, I prefer to start it with an inspirational speech given by Michael
Halliday in 1990 (Halliday 1990/2001). This speech was a clear and strong call to linguists
to start focusing on how language encourages us to behave in ways that protect or destroy
the ecosystems that life depends on. It was quite natural that this call arose from Halliday
because his approach, Systemic Functional Grammar, focuses attention on how language
construes human experience, makes sense of reality, and builds relationships between
people. Halliday was keenly aware of how language influences thought and behaviour and
can encourage people to behave in ways that are racist, sexist or ecologically destructive.
The following quotation from his speech is a useful demonstration of ecolinguistics:
…countless texts repeated daily all around the world, contain[s] a simple message:
growth is good. Many is better than few, more is better than less, big is better than
small, grow is better than shrink, up is better than down. Gross National Products
must go up, standards of living must rise, productivity must increase. But we
know that these things can’t happen. We are using up … the fresh water and the
agricultural soils that we can’t live without … We are destroying many of the other
species who form part of the planetary cycle …
What makes this ecolinguistic is the connection between language and its impact on
the ecosystems that support life. Halliday tended to focus on the language system, e.g.,
the markedness of the term ‘growth’ which gives it an inbuilt positivity. Subsequent
approaches to ecolinguistics focused more on characteristic patterns of language use, i.e.,
discourses, since these are more amenable to change than the deep levels of the language
system (e.g., Goatly 2000). And later work gave closer attention to the cognitive structures
in people’s minds which influence how they think, talk and act, which I call ‘stories’ in
this book. In cognitive terms, Halliday is criticising the story that growth is good, which is
an evaluation in people minds built through exposure to patterns of language in the texts
which surround them.
For me, the key element which distinguishes ecolinguistics from other forms of
linguistic enquiry is not a particular methodology, framework, or theory. Instead, it is
just that a linguist has reflected on human relations with other species and the physical
environment and taken the results of that reflection into consideration when coming
to the conclusions of their study. Informally, I would express this as linguistic enquiry
where the linguist notices and cares about humans, animals, plants, forests, rivers, and the
ecosystems that life depends on and dedicates their work to improving their wellbeing.
More formally, I would say that ecolinguistics is linguistic enquiry where judgements
about whether findings are positive or negative are made with reference to an ecosophy
(ecological philosophy). This is how Arne Naess describes ecosophy:
By an ecosophy I mean a philosophy of ecological harmony … openly normative, it
contains both norms, rules, postulates, value priority announcements and hypotheses
concerning the state of affairs… (Naess 1995, p. 8)
We know that Naess was influenced by Eastern thought (Katz et al. 2000), and his use
of ‘harmony’ to describe the goal of an ecosophy resonates with Chinese ecolinguistics,
where harmony is a central concept. Similarly, Michael Halliday was influenced by
全书共11章,包括意识形态、框架、隐喻、评估、身份等章节,新版本经过内容更新和扩充,故事更加新颖、概念更加清晰、案例更加丰富,新增中文章节导读、理论延伸、补充参考文献和中英文术语表,以帮助读者更好地学习和理解生态语言学这一新生学科,共同践行人与自然和谐共生。
章节导读 1
The stories we live by 4
The ‘eco’ of ecolinguistics 9
The ‘linguistics’ of ecolinguistics 11
Ecosophy 13
The ecosophy of this book 16
Organisation of this book 18
A note about references to data and glossary 20
补充文献 20
2 IDEOLOGIES 21
章节导读 21
Destructive discourses 27
Ambivalent discourses 29
Beneficial discourses 31
Method
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