目录 Unit 1 An Overview of Pragmatics 1 Text A Defining Pragmatics 3 Text B A Brief History of Pragmatics 5 Text C From Abstract Meaning to Contextual Meaning 10 Text D Context: A Key Notion in Pragmatics 12 Text E Appropriacy 13 Unit 2 Deixis 16 Text A Deixis 18 Text B So Deixis and Discourse Deixis 24 Text C Deictics 28 Text D Deictic Centre and Competing Deictic Centres 30 Text E Zonglish 32 Unit 3 Speech Acts (I) 34 Text A Austin’s Performatives 36 Text B Utterances as Actions 38 Text C Austin’s Felicity Conditions on Performatives 44 Text D Speech Acts: Language as Action 46 Text E John Langshaw Austin 48 Unit 4 Speech Acts (II) 50 Text A Searle’s Typology of Speech Acts 52 Text B Direct and Indirect Speech Acts 55 Text C Pragmatics and Indirectness 61 Text D Searle’s Felicity Conditions 63 Text E John Rogers Searle 65 Unit 5 Implicatures (I) 67 Text A Grice’s Cooperative Principle 69 Text B Observing and Flouting the Maxims 72 Text C Conventional Implicature and Conversational Implicature 80 Text D Properties of Conversational Implicature 84 Text E Herbert Pul Grice 87 Unit 6 Implicatures (II) 90 Text A Problems with Grice’s Theory 92 Text B Developments of Grice’s Theory 94 Text C Relevance Theory 100 Text D Post-Gricean Pragmatics 103 Text E Stephen C. Levinson 107 Unit 7 Conversational Structure 109 Text A What is Conversation? 111 Text B Turn-taking and Adjacency Pair 113 Text C Pre-sequences 118 Text D Preference and Dispreference 122 Text E The Place of Conversation Among the Speech-exchange Systems 124 Unit 8 Politeness 126 Text A Brown and Levinson’s Linguistic Politeness Model 127 Text B Leech’s Politeness Model 130 Text C Perspectives on Politeness 135 Text D Towards an Anatomy of Impoliteness 142 Text E Geoffrey Neil Leech 152 Unit 9 Macropragmatics 157 Text A Variability, Negotiability and Adaptability 158 Text B Pragmatic Acts and Action Theory 163 Text C Intercultural Pragmatics 170 Text D Variational Pragmatics 178 Text E Some Thoughts on Pragmatics, Sociolinguistic Variation, and Intercultural Communication 185 Unit 10 Pragmatics and Its Interfaces 194 Text A The Semantics/Pragmatics Distinction 196 Text B Pragmatics and Grammar 198 Text C Pragmatics and Prosody 206 Text D Literary Pragmatics: An Overview 209 Text E Anticipatory Pragmatics 212
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