内容提要 本书以“性能的基本概念―性能测试―力学性能指标―物理意义―影响因素―性能指标的工程意义及应用”为主线贯穿始终,使学生对材料力学行为知识有一个完整的了解,以便达到举一反三、触类旁通的效果。本书内容共分九章,靠前至七章为金属材料的力学性能和强化技术,介绍材料在静载下的力学行为及其他条件下的力学行为如冲击、疲劳、蠕变和材料的强化技术等。论述以金属材料的力学性能为主,兼顾陶瓷、高分子及复合材料的力学行为及环境对其的影响(第八和九章)。 目录 Chapter 1IntroductionREFERENCESChapter 2Mechanical Properties of Metals2.1 Introduction2.2 Concepts of Stress and Strain2.3 StressStrain Behavior2.4 Anelasticity(or Viscoelasticity)2.5 Elastic Properties of Materials2.6 Tensile Properties2.6.1 Yield Strength2.6.2 Tensile Strength2.6.3 Ductility2.6.4 Toughness2.6.5 Resilience2.7 True Stress and Strain2.8 Elastic Recovery After Plastic Deformation2.9 Compressive,Shear,and Torsion Deformation2.10 Hardness2.10.1 Rockwell Hardness Tests2.10.2 Brinell Hardness Tests2.10.3 Knoop and Vickers Microindentation Hardness Tests2.10.4 Correlation between Hardness and Tensile StrengthSUMMARYIMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTSREFERENCES38QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMChapter 3 Fracture: Microscopic Aspects3.1 Introduction3.2 Classification of Fracture43.2.1 Ductile Fracture3.2.2 Brittle Fracture3.3 Process of Fracture3.3.1 Crack Nucleation3.3.2 Ductile Fracture3.3.3 Brittle, Cleavage Fracture3.4 Impact Fracture603.4.1 Impact Testing Techniques3.4.2 DuctiletoBrittle TransitionSUMMARYIMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTSREFERENCESQUESTIONS AND PROBLEMSChapter 4Fracture: Macroscopic Aspects4.1 Introduction4.2 Theoretical Cleavage Strength4.3 Stress Concentration4.3.1 Stress Concentrations4.3.2 Stress Concentration Factor4.4 Griffith Criterion of Fracture4.5 Fracture Toughness4.5.1 Hypotheses of LEFM4.5.2 CrackTip Separation Modes4.5.3 Stress Field in an Isotropic Material in the Vicinity of a Crack Tip4.5.4 Details of the CrackTip Stress Field in Model4.5.5 PlasticZone Size Correction4.6 Fracture Toughness Parameters4.6.1 Crack Extension Force G4.6.2 Crack Tip Opening Displacement(CTOD)4.6.3 J Integral4.6.4 R Curve4.6.5 Relationships among Different Fracture Toughness ParametersSUMMARYIMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTSREFERENCESQUESTIONS AND PROBLEMSChapter 5 Fatigue of Metal Materials5.1 Introduction5.2 Cyclic Stresses5.3 The SN Curve5.4 Mechanisms of Fatigue5.4.1 Fatigue Crack Nucleation5.4.2 Fatigue Crack Propagation5.5 Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics Applied to Fatigue5.6 Factors That Affect Fatigue Life5.7 Environmental EffectsSUMMARYIMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTSREFERENCESQUESTIONS AND PROBLEMSChapter 6 Creep of Metal Materials6.1 Introduction6.2 Generalized Creep Behavior6.3 Stress and Temperature Effects6.4 Fundamental Mechanisms Responsible for Creep16.4.1 Diffusion Creep6.4.2 Dislocation (or Power Law) Creep6.4.3 Dislocation Glide6.4.4 GrainBoundary Sliding6.5 Data Extrapolation Methods6.6 Alloys for HighTemperatureSUMMARYIMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTSREFERENCESQUESTIONS AND PROBLEMSChapter 7 Strengthening Strategies of Metal Materials7.1 Introduction7.2 Dislocations7.3 Boundary Strengthening7.4 Strain Hardening (or Cold Working)7.5 SolidSolution Alloying7.6 Precipitation and DispersionAlloyingSUMMARYIMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTSREFERENCESQUESTIONS AND PROBLEMSChapter 8 Mechanical Behavior of Ceramics Materials8.1 Introduction8.2 StressStrain Behavior8.3 Mechanisms of Plastic Deformation8.4 Brittle Fracture of Ceramics8.5 Various Mechanical ConsiderationsSUMMARYIMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTSREFERENCESQUESTIONS AND PROBLEMSChapter 9 Mechanical properties of Polymers Materials9.1 Introduction9.2 StressStrain Behavior9.3 Macroscopic Deformation9.4 Viscoelastic Deformation9.5 Deformation of Elastomers9.6 Fracture of Polymers9.7 Various Mechanical Characteristics9.8 Mechanisms of Deformation and for Strengthening of Polymers9.9 Factors that Influence the Mechanical Properties of SemicrystallineSUMMARYIMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTSREFERENCESQUESTIONS AND PROBLEMSChapter 10 Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials10.1 Introduction21010.2 StressStrain Behavior10.2.1 Elastic Moduli10.2.2 Strength10.3 Toughness10.4 Fracture in Composites10.4.1 Single and Multiple Fracture10.4.2 Failure Modes in CompositesSUMMARYIMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTSREFERENCESQUESTIONS AND PROBLEMSChapter 11 Environmental Effects in Metals,Ceramics and Polymers11.1 Introduction11.2 Electrochemical Nature of Corrosion in Metals11.3 Passivity11.4 Forms of Corrosion11.5 Environmentally Assisted Fracture in Metals11.5.1 Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC)11.5.2 Hydrogen Damage in Metals11.6 Corrosion of Ceramic Materials11.7 Degradation of Polymers11.7.1 Swelling and Dissolution11.7.2 Bond Rupture11.7.3 Weathering11.8 Corrosion PreventionSUMMARYIMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTSREFERENCESQUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS 作者介绍
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