导语摘要 There are only two fundamental opportunities ithe history ofthermodynamics.They are the establishment of classical therniodynamics for only spontaneous process isimple system othe basis of Carnot theorem and the establishment of moderthermodynamics for nonspontaneous process icoupled system othe basis ofthe thermodynamic coupling theory, since there are only two kinds of spontaneous processes and nonspontaneous processes of macroscopic changes in Nature (excluding unknowparts of the universe). Thermodynamics is a core part of moderscience, and the second law of thermodynamics is the core of thermodynamics, which was stagnated for about 150 years iits classical stage only for spontaneous process isimple systems. The second law of thermodynamics shows the change idirectioof the macroscopic world (or called"the arrow of time" ), and is regarded as one of greatest teequations ihistory.
目录 Preface Preface for ModerThermodynamics - A new statement of the second law, (Chin. Ed.) 2015 Chapter 1 TheoreticaIFoundatioofThermodynamics 1.1 Thermodynamics andItsApplicable Range 1.2 Two FundamentalCharacteristics ofEnergy 1.3 Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics 1.3.1 System and Surroundings 1.3.2 Equilibrium State and Nonequilibrium State 1.3.3 State Variables or State Functions 1.3.4 State Equation 1.3.5 Reversible, Irreversible and Quasistatic Processes 1.3.6 Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Processes 1.4 FundamentalLaws ofThermodynamics 1.4.1 The Zeroth Law and Local Equilibrium Approach 1.4.2 The First Law ofThermodynamics 1.4.3 Carnot Theorem 1.4.4 Absolute Temperature 1.4.5 The Second Law ofThermodynamics 1.4.6 Physical Meanings ofEntropy Increase 1.5 ANew Statement ofthe Second Law ofThermodnamics References
Chapter 2 ClassicaIThermodynamics of Spontaneous Process iSimple Systems 2.1 Equilibrium Thermodynamics (Thermodynamics ofReversible Processes) 2.2 Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics (Thermodynamics oflrreversible Processes) 2.3 CriterionofEquilibrium 2.4 CalculatioofEntropy Change 2.5 Relationship betweeGibbs Free Energy and Torp 2.6 Calculatioof Global Entropy Increase 2.7 Equilibrium Phase Diagram References
Chapter 3 Coupling Model of Low Pressure Diamond Synthesis: A Breakthrough iThermodynamics 3.1 High Pressure Diamond Synthesis 3.2 Activated Low Pressure Diamond Synthesis 3.3 Kinetic Model of Selective Etching of SAH 3.4 Coupling ModelofLow Pressure Diamond Synthesis 3.5 Mechanism ofThermodynamic Coupling 3.6 ANew Field ofNondissipative Thermodynamics References
Chapter 4 Nondissipative Thermodynamics of ModerThermodynamics 4.1 Nonequilibrium Phase Diagram 4.2 Thermodynamic Data ofActivated Graphite 4.2.1 Gibbs Free Energy Method 4.2.2 Equilibrium Constant Method 4.3 CalculatioofNonequilibrium Phase Diagram 4.4 T-X Nonequilibrium Phase Diagrams ofC-H System 4.5 T-p-X Nonequilibrium Phase Diagrams of C-H and C-O System 4.6 Gas CompositioNonequilibrium Phase Diagram ofC-H System 4.7 Nonequilibrium Phase Diagrams ofC-H-O System 4.8 ConfirmatioofNonequilibrium Phase Diagrams References
Chapter 5 Dissipative Thermodynanucs of ModerThermodynamics 5.1 Calculatiofor Low Pressure Diamond iDissipative Thermodynamics 5.2 Gem-quality Carat-size Low Pressure Diamonds 5.3 ModerThermodynamics for High Speed CVD Diamond Growth 5.4 Chemiosmotic Theory ofATP Biosynthesis 5.5 Chemical Oscillation, Cyclic Reactioand Spiral Reaction 5.6 Thermodiffusion 5.7 Bernard Pattern 5.8 Development of Some Related Disciplines …… Chapter 6 Continuum Mechanics and Kinetics Are Outside Thermodynamics Appendix 1 A Small System ofATP Biosynthesis Appendix 2 Nonequilibrium Phase Diagrams iModerThermodynamics Appendix 3 A New Statement of the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
内容摘要 There are only two fundamental opportunities ithe history ofthermodynamics.They are the establishment of classical therniodynamics for only spontaneous process isimple system othe basis of Carnot theorem and the establishment of moderthermodynamics for nonspontaneous process icoupled system othe basis ofthe thermodynamic coupling theory, since there are only two kinds of spontaneous processes and nonspontaneous processes of macroscopic changes in Nature (excluding unknowparts of the universe). Thermodynamics is a core part of moderscience, and the second law of thermodynamics is the core of thermodynamics, which was stagnated for about 150 years iits classical stage only for spontaneous process isimple systems. The second law of thermodynamics shows the change idirectioof the macroscopic world (or called"the arrow of time" ), and is regarded as one of greatest teequations ihistory.
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