前言 Introduction to TOEFL iBT TOEFL iBT (internet-based TOEFL) is designed to measure how well non-native speakers of English read, listen, speak, and write in English. The test has four sections:reading, listening, speaking,and writing. Each section of the test is worth 30 points and the highest possible score on the iBT is 120 points (30 points x 4 sections). Most questions are worth 1 point each, but some of thequestions in each section are worth more than 2 points. For more information, visit the ETS website (www.ets.org). Listening Section (1) About the listening material In the listening section, test takers are asked to listen to 4 or 6 lectures and 2 or 3 conversations. The length of each material varies from 500 to 800 in words, or 3 to 5 minutes in listening time. There are two major types of listening material covering a wide range of topics that students need to listen in academic environment: Lecture: a talk given by a professor or a discussion withstudents on an academic subject in the classroom setting Conversation: a student talking to a professor, teachingassistant, school staff or employee about a situation related tostudent life All material is recorded in natural spoken English from North America and other English-speaking parts of the world. (2) About the questions After listening to each material, several questions follow to test the test takers' ability in the following areas: Number of Passages 6 60 min 9 90 min 4 Lectures 2 Conversations 6 Lectures 3 Conversations Types of Material Test Time Basic Comprehension: ability to understand the main topic and idea of the material and detail information Connecting Information: ability to understand organization of the material, connect content and make inferences Pragmatic Understanding: ability to understand the function of what is said and recognize the speaker's attitude In order to test these areas, there are six major types of questions asked in the TOEFL iBT listening section. Question Type Main topic / idea Basic Comprehension Connecting Information Pragmatic Understanding Explanation Asks about the overall topic or the central idea of the material Related Unit Unit 1 Supporting / Specific Details Asks about specific information that are important points within the material Unit 2 Organization Asks about the overall structure and flow of the material Unit 3 Content Asks about the relationship and reasoning of specific information within the material Unit 4 Function Asks about the purpose or meaning of specific information or phrases Unit 5 Stance and Attitude Asks about the attitude or implied meanings of the speaker Unit 6 Winning TOEFL Listening It has 6 units, and each unit includes 6 lectures and 3 conversations in various lengths. This book is designed for students who are beginners in academic listening. Therefore, the level of difficulty and the length of the listening material have been modified from the original materials seen on the actual TOEFL. Each unit of this book deals with a specific academic topic and situation that appear LECTURE TOPICS CONVERSATION TOPICS Unit 1 Natural Science Class Activities and Registration Unit 2 History School Admission Unit 3 Applied Science Student Housings Unit 4 Education and Language Student Jobs Unit 5 Nature and Society Student Activities Unit 6 Arts and Culture School Policies and Facilities frequently on the TOEFL: Each unit consists of: Introduction Practice I, II Test 1, 2, 3 Listening Helper Each section has the following subsections. Introduction (1) Key Expressions Key Expressions are provided to help students become familiar with frequently used expressions in academic settings. Each unit carries different set of expressions that may be used with specific intentions. Students should pay attention to these expressions as signals for more important information while they are listening. (2) Target TOEFL iBT Questions This part is to prepare students with frequently asked question types in the TOEFL iBT listening test. Students are encouraged to listen for type of information that is more likely to appear in the questions. Each unit focuses on the following TOEFL iBT question types: Unit 1 Main Idea and Topic Questions Unit 2 Specific Detail Questions Unit 3 Organization Questions Unit 4 Content Questions Unit 5 Function Questions Unit 6 Attitude Questions Practice Ⅰ, Ⅱ The main purpose of this section is to lead students to listen to short passages (170 words in average) and find answers for target questions. Additional exercises with specific tasks follow to strengthen students' skills for keyword listening and summarization. (1) Warm Up This part is provided as a pre-listening exercise. Students are asked to choose one of the words inside the bracket to complete each sentence (reflecting the topic of the following listening material). The purpose of this exercise is to familiarize students with the content of the lectures or discussions in the practice section. (2) Part I: Practice 1, 2, 3 - With dictation exercises In this part, students are asked to answer one target question for each listening material. Then the following dictation exercises ask students to listen again to fill in the blanks in the script provided. These exercises are designed to help students practice listening skills on linking sounds and sound confusions. (3) Part II: Practice 4, 5, 6 - With summary exercises In this part, students are asked to answer 2-3 questions including target questions for each listening material. Then the following summary exercises ask students to listen again to complete the summary notes. These exercises are designed to lead students to understand the overall flow of the material and be able to extract its key information. (4) Vocabulary Each practice question is provided with the list of key vocabulary. This list can be studied before students listen to the material in order to enhance students' understanding. It can also be reviewed afterward in the Listening Helper section. Test 1, 2, 3 In this section, students are required to listen to longer material (240 words in average) and answer 3-5 questions including each unit's target questions. This section is an opportunity for students to apply their skills acquired from the unit into more intensive practice. Listening Helper This part is provided to help students review and strengthen their knowledge of essential vocabulary. Students are asked to read or listen to each statement and complete it with the correct vocabulary. Each statement and the vocabulary have been taken from the practice section. Actual Test At the end of all 6 units, one set of actual test is provided. In this section, there are 6 listening materials (4 academic lectures and 2 conversations) followed by 3-5 questions. Although the lengths and the difficulty of the material have been modified to meet beginner's level, students are encouraged to take this section as an actual test taking opportunity.
1994年毕业于加拿大多伦多大学(The University of Toronto),安大略省政府指定翻译。1999年至2007年在巴克达语学院江南及钟路校区任托福LC讲师。现任世宗大学英语讲师。著有《托福听力》《托福词汇》《托福诊所213 听力理解》《考试诊所托福250 听力》《赢得托福听力1》《赢得托福听力2》《赢得托福听力3》。
主编推荐 巴克达(Pagoda)语言教育中心 巴克达语言教育中心所是一所拥有半个世纪历史的语言学习研发团队。以语言学习中没有所谓的捷径为教育理念,给学生们提供优质的教学内容。密切关注现场听课的学员的各种学习反馈,且结合教师的授课经验,将这些精心融入到产生*学习效果的教材中,这就是Pagoda语言教育中心的终目标。 李柳里 1994年毕业于加拿大多伦多大学(The University of Toronto),安大略省政府指定翻译。1999年至2007年在巴克达语学院江南及钟路校区任托福LC讲师。现任世宗大学英语讲师。著有《托福听力》《托福词汇》《托福诊所213 听力理解》《考试诊所托福250 听力》《赢得托福听力1》《赢得托福听力2》《赢得托福听力3》。
精彩内容 Practice Warm Up First, circle one of the words inside the bracket to complete each sentence with your own choice. Then listen to the recording to check the correct answer. 1. Flowers completed most of their evolutionary process in (30 / 13)million years. 2. Cats can see the world only in shades of (blue and yellow / black and white). 3. When we are hungry, thinking about food sends signals to our (brain /digestive organs). 4. Corn plants in the field often get invaded by (caterpillars / wasps). Part I Practice 1 Listen to part of a talk given in a biology class. Pay attention to the main topic or idea and answer the question. Q. What is the main idea of the lecture? A The evolution of flowers is completely unknown. B Flowers evolved in quite a short period of time. C Among scientists, biologists work the fa
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