光的相干与偏振理论导论
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作者E. Wolf 著作
出版社北京大学出版社
ISBN9787301245484
出版时间2014-08
装帧平装
开本16开
定价41元
货号1200975277
上书时间2024-11-26
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作者简介
(美) 沃尔夫（E. Wolf），美国罗彻斯特大学教授。
目录
Preface page xi
1. Elementary coherence phenomena
1.1 Interference and statistical similarity
1.2 Temporal coherence and the coherence time
1.3 Spatial coherence and the coherence area
1.4 The coherence volume
Problems
2. Mathematical preliminaries
2.1 Elementary concepts of the theory of random processes
2.2 Ergodicity
2.3 Complex representation of a real signal and the envelope of a narrow-band signal
2.4 The autocorrelation and the cross-correlation functions
2.4.1 The autocorrelation function of a finite sum of periodic components with random amplitudes
2.5 The spectral density and the Wiener-Khintchine theorem
Problems
3. Second-order coherence phenomena in the space-time domain
3.1 Interference law for stationary optical fields. The mutual coherence function and the complex degree of coherence
3.2 Generation of spatial coherence from an incoherent source. The van Cittert-Zernike theorem
3.3 Illustrative examples
3.3.1 Michelsons method for measuring stellar diameters
3.3.2 Michelsons method for determining energy distribution in spectral lines
3.4 Propagation of the mutual intensity
3.5 Wave equations for the propagation of mutual coherence in free space
Problems
4. Second-order coherence phenomena in the space-frequency domain
4.1 Coherent-mode representation and the cross-spectral density as a correlation function
4.2 The spectral interference law and the spectral degree of coherence
4.3 An illustrative example: spectral changes on interference
4.4 Interference of narrow-band light
Problems
5. Radiation from sources of different states of coherence
5.1 Fields generated by sources with different coherence properties
5.2 Correlations and the spectral density in the far field
5.3 Radiation from some model sources
5.3.1 Schell-model sources
5.3.2 Quasi-homogeneous sources
5.4 Sources of different states of spatial coherence which generate identical distributions of the radiant intensity
5.5 Coherence properties of Lambertian sources
5.6 Spectral changes on propagation. The scaling law
Problems
6. Coherence effects in scattering
6.1 Scattering of a monochromatic plane wave on a deterministic medium
6.2 Scattering of partially coherent waves on a deterministic medium
6.3 Scattering on random media
6.3.1 General formulas
6.3.2 Examples
6.3.3 Scattering on a quasi-homogeneous medium
Problems
7. Higher-order coherence effects
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Intensity interferometry with radio waves
7.3 The Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect and intensity interferometry with light
7.4 Einsteins formula for energy fluctuations in blackbody radiation and the wave-particle duality
7.5 Mandels theory of photoelectric detection of light fluctuations
7.5.1 Mandels formula for photocount statistics
7.5.2 The variance of counts from a single photodetector
7.5.3 Correlation between count fluctuations from two detectors
7.6 Determination of statistical properties of light from photocount measurements
Problems
8. Elementary theory of polarization of stochastic electromagnetic beams
8.1 The 2 _ 2 equal-time correlation matrix of a quasi-monochromatic electromagnetic beam
8.2 Polarized, unpolarized and partially polarized light. The degree of polarization
8.2.1 Completely polarized light
8.2.2 Natural (unpolarized) light
8.2.3 Partially polarized light and the degree of polarization
8.2.4 The geometrical significance of complete polarization. The Stokes parameters of completely polarized light. The Poincaré sphere
Problems
9. Unified theory of polarization and coherence
9.1 The 2 × 2 cross-spectral density matrix of a stochastic electromagnetic beam
9.2 The spectral interference law, the spectral degree of coherence and the spectral degree of polarization of stochastic electromagnetic beams
9.3 Determination of the cross-spectral density matrix from experiments
9.4 Changes in random electromagnetic beams on propagation
9.4.1 Propagation of the cross-spectral density matrix of a stochastic electromagnetic beam - general formulas
9.4.2 Propagation of the cross-spectral density matrix of an electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model beam
9.4.3 Examples of correlation-induced changes in stochastic electromagnetic beams on propagation
9.4.4 Coherence-induced changes of the degree of polarization in Youngs interference experiment
9.5 Generalized Stokes parameters
Problems
Appendices
Ⅰ Cells of phase space and the degeneracy parameter
(a) Cells of phase space of a quasi-monochromatic light wave (Section 1.4)
(b) Cells of phase space of radiation in a cavity (Sections 7.4 and 7.5)
(c) The degeneracy parameter
Ⅱ Derivation of Mandels formula for photocount statistics [Eq. (2) of Section 7.5.1]
Ⅲ The degree of polarization of an electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model source
Ⅳ Some important probability distributions
(a) The binomial (or Bernoulli) distribution and some of its limiting cases
(b) The Bose-Einstein distribution
Author index
Subject index
内容摘要
所有的光场都是随机涨落的，有些光场的随机涨落很小，例如许多激光器输出的光；有些光场的随机涨落相当大，例如从热光源辐射的光。描述涨落光场的基础理论是相干理论。部分偏振现象就是涨落的重要表现。实际上，相干理论所能处理的问题不仅限于涨落。与常规的处理方法不同，相干理论是依据可观测量描述光场，并解释这些可观测量，例如光的光谱以及它在传输中如何变化的。
本书给出了光的相干与偏振现象的统一处理方法。适合光通信、激光光束在光纤中和通过湍流大气传输、光学成像，尤其在显微镜成像（例如医学诊断）的物理界和工程界的研究者阅读。
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