目录 PartI Creative Thinking and Prewriting 创新思维与写前构思 Unit1 Creative Thinking 创新思维 I What Is Creative Thinking? 什么是创新思维 II Perceptual Blocks to Creativity 思维认知定式 Stereotyping 老套陈规 Self-Imposed Limits 自我限制 Saturation 信息饱和 III Creative Strategies 创意策略 Brainstorming 大脑风暴 Means-Ends Analysis 方法一目标分析 Left-Brain and Right-Brain 左右脑 Changing the Entry Point 切入点变换 The Reversal Method 逆向思维 IV Characteristics of Creative Thinking 创新思维特点 Lateral Thinking VS.Vertical Thinking 横向思维与纵向思维 A Questioning Attitude 疑问态度 Associative Powers 联想力 Fluency,Flexibility,and Originality 流畅性、多样性、独特性 Assignment:Creative Strategy Report Unit2 Prewriting 写前构思 What Prewriting Is Not 非写前构思 What Prewriting Is 写前构思 Prewriting Techniques 写前构思技巧 Assignment:Prewriting Exercise PartII Writing with Concrete Details for a Specific Audience 细节写作与特定读者 Unit3 Show More than Tell 细节展开 I What Is“Show More than Tell”? 什么是细节展开 II The RENNs Model RENNS 模型 Unit4 Narration and Description 记叙与描述 Assignment:Narrative or Descriptive Essay I Narration 记叙 Exploring Past Experiences for Writing 记叙个人经历 Narrative Techniques 记叙文技巧 II Description 描述 Description and Sensory Details 感官词描述 Figurative Language 修辞语言 Describing a Person 人物描述 Describing a Place 场景描述 Unit5 Addressing the Audience and How-to Process Essay 读者意识与指示过程文 Assignment:How-to Process Essay I Addressing the Audience 读者意识 General Overview 总括 Tips That Apply to All Audiences 读者意识小贴士 Audience Analysis 读者分析 II How-to Process Essay 指示过程文 Informative Process VS.Directive Process 推介性过程与指示性过程 What Our How-to Process Essay Assignment Is Not 非指示过程文 What Our How-to Process Essay Assignment Is 指示过程文 Elements of a Good How-to Process Essay 写好指示过程文的要素 PartIII Central Idea and Modes of Development 中心思想与扩展形式 Unit6 Thesis Statement, Introduction and Conclusion 篇题句、开头和结尾 I Thesis Statement 篇题句 What a Thesis Statement Is 什么是篇题句 What a Good Thesis Statement Is 写好篇题句 Strategies That Help to Shape Your Essay扣题策略 II Introduction and Conclusion 开头与结尾 Elements of a Good Introduction 开头要素 Strategies for an Effective Introduction 开头攻略 Conclusion结尾 Unit7 Topic Sentence Paragraph 主题句段落 What a Topic Sentence Is 什么是主题句 Controlling Idea of a Topic Sentence 主题句要点 Structure of a Topic Sentence Paragraph 主题句段落结构 Function Paragraph 功能段落 Modes of Development for a Topic Sentence Paragraph主题句扩展形式 Unit8 Modes of Development for a Thesis 篇题句扩展形式 I Cause and Effect 因果关系 what Is Cause and Effect? 什么是因果关系 Assignment:Problem/Solution Essay What Is a Problem/Solution Essay? 什么是问题探究文 II Division and Classification,Definition 归类、定义 Assignment:Division and Classification or Definition Essay Division and Classification 归类 Definition 定义 III Comparison and Contras t对比 Evaluation Essay 对比评估文 Assignment:Evaluation Essay Organizational Patterns for Evaluation 对比评估文的组织形式 Unit9 Revising 作文修改 Revising Modifiers 限定词修改 Revising Unclear Pronoun Reference 代词指代不清修改 Revising Wordiness 赘句修改 Revising Clichés 俗语修改 Sentence Variety 句式变化 Sentence Combining 句子组合 Transitions 过渡衔接 PartIV Critical Thinking and Argumentation 批判思维与议论文 Unit10 Fallacies in Argumentation (I) 议论文中的逻辑陷阱(I) I Logos,Ethos,Pathos,and Needs 理性特质、精神特质、情感特质与需求 Logos,Ethos,and Pathos 理性特质、精神特质与情感特质 Needs Analysis 需求分析 II Fallacies About People 人事逻辑陷阱 III Fallacies About Arguments 论点逻辑陷阱 Unit11 Fallacies in Argumentation (II) 议论文中的逻辑陷阱(II) I Fallacies About Analogy 类比逻辑陷阱 Illustrative Analogy vs.Faulty Analogy 示意类比与不当类比 II Fallacies in Deduction and Induction 演绎与归纳逻辑陷阱 Deduction and Induction 演绎与归纳 III Statistics and Ambiguities 数据和模糊逻辑陷阱 Unit12 Claims 论题 I A Claim of Fact 事实论题 Assignment:Claim-of-Fact Essay II A Claim of value 价值论题 Assignment:Claim-of-Value Essay III A Claim of Policy 政策论题 Assignment:Claim-of-Policy Essay Appendixes Appendix I:Creative Thinking and Prewriting Checklist Appendix II:Word Bank of the Five Senses Appendix III:Writing Process Strategies Appendix IV:Essay Writing Checklist APpendix V:Topics for Argumentative Essays Appendix VI:Standards for Evaluating Argumentative Essays Appendix VII:Sample of the MLA Style of In-Text Documentation and Bibliography Key to the Exercises References
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