研究生英语学位课统考真题及模拟题精解(GET 2021—2022)

Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.

Passage One:

West Virginia suffers from it. So do Oklahoma, the Deep South and the postindustrial states of the Mid-Atlantic. It’s brain drain, and it’s not only affecting the economies and budgets of the states, but is contributing to political polarization as educated people leave the middle of the country for the coasts.

This trend threatens to result in two, mutually suspicious Americas: one that’s more urban, liberal and diverse, and one that’s more rural, conservative and identical. And across the country, states are complaining about losing educated residents the way a sad parent coaxes children who have left the nest: Why did you leave us, and what can we do to get you back home?

What’s happened is that we’ve moved from an industrial to a post-industrial economy, and so educated people are heading to states with more profitable jobs. While domestic migration overall is down, migration among skilled people is up. It’s not just that people want to live in a cool place and go to a cool coffee shop. It’s where the clusters of people are—that’s where there are more opportunities.

A recent report by the Joint Economic Committee finds that coastal states—along with states with dynamic economies such as New York, Texas and Illinois—are keeping and attracting educated adults, while states generally in the middle of the country are “both hemorrhaging their homegrown talent and failing to attract outof-staters who are highly educated.

That affects state revenues, since people in higher-paying jobs contribute more in taxes, but also feeds a self-sorting of America’s population in a way that deepens political and cultural divides. Far from affecting only politics, social segregation reduces social cohesion and trust. It leaves behind communities with crumbling institutions of civil society.

Some states are making aggressive efforts to keep educated people from leaving. New York state in 2017 became the first state to make public colleges virtually free for those under a certain income threshold. But there’s a precondition: Upon graduating on time, the Excelsior Scholarship recipient must stay in New York state for one year for each year the scholarship was awarded. If employed, that person must also be employed in New York state.

The program is too new for officials to determine if it’s keeping educated people local, but the money—awarded after other aid—is seen as a strong incentive to work and pay taxes in New York after getting an education there. A separate initiative provides loan relief for some graduates who stay and work in New York.

本书包括三个部分：（一）2021—2022 年北京地区研究生英语学位课统考真题和模拟题；（二）统考真题和模拟题答案及录音文字稿；（三）统考真题和模拟题精解。与考研试题不同，统考题的考查重点是基础知识，强调主动使用英语的能力。词汇部分以常见词为主，考查的重点是国外流行而本国学生不熟悉的用法、使用时容易出错的词、经常在国内被错误理解的用法和近年流行的用法。翻译考查的重点是语法和句型的使用。

鲁显生，军事医学科学院公共外语教研室教授，北京市高等教育学会研究生英语教学研究分会副会长。

李桂荣，中国人民大学外国语学院教授，文学博士，管理学博士，牛津大学访问学者，剑桥大学访问学者, 北京市研究生英语教学研究会常务理事。在中国人民大学从事研究生英语教学25年，目前主要讲授经管类硕士生学术英语课和经管类研究生博士英语课。

初晓阳，博士，军事医学科学院讲师，研究领域为医学英语。

第一部分 2021—2022 年研究生英语学位课统考真题和模拟题 ···············001 

2021 年 1 月研究生英语学位课统考真题 ················································· 003

2021 年 6 月研究生英语学位课统考真题 ················································· 023

2022 年 1 月研究生英语学位课统考真题 ················································· 041

2022 年 6 月研究生英语学位课统考真题 ················································· 061

模拟题（1） ······················································································· 081

模拟题（2） ······················································································· 099

第二部分 2021—2022 年研究生英语学位课统考真题和模拟题答案

及录音文字稿 ·················································································· 117 

2021 年 1 月研究生英语学位课统考真题答案及录音文字稿 ························· 119

2021 年 6 月研究生英语学位课统考真题答案及录音文字稿 ························· 127

2022 年 1 月研究生英语学位课统考真题答案及录音文字稿 ························· 135

2022 年 6 月研究生英语学位课统考真题答案及录音文字稿 ························· 143

模拟题（1）答案及录音文字稿 ······························································· 151

模拟题（2）答案及录音文字稿 ······························································· 159

第三部分 2021—2022 年研究生英语学位课统考真题和模拟题精解 ·········167 

2021 年 1 月研究生英语学位课统考真题精解 ············································ 169

2021 年 6 月研究生英语学位课统考真题精解 ············································ 189

2022 年 1 月研究生英语学位课统考真题精解 ············································ 205

2022 年 6 月研究生英语学位课统考真题精解 ············································ 221

模拟题（1）精解 ·················································································· 235

模拟题（2）精解 ·················································································· 249