目录 Chapter 1Introduction1 1.1Concepts and sorts of materials and what the function and status of the material are in society revolution2 1.2Conteat and Relation of materials science and engineering5 1.3Development of materials7 1.4Materials and mechanical engineering10 Chapter 2The Mechanical Properties Of Metals13 2.1Introduction13 2.2Static mechanical properties14 2.3Hardness tests22 2.4Impact toughness27 2.5Fracture toughness30 2.6Fatigue tests32 2.7Test at elevated tempearatures34 2.8Variability of material properties35 Chapter3Crystal Structure and Crystallizing37 3.1Crystal structure of metals37 3.2Actual structure of metals47 3.3Crystallization of metal53 3.4Structure of steel ingot59 Chapter4Plastic Deformation and Recrystallization of Metal62 4.1Plastic deformation of metal62 4.2Effects of plastic deformation on structure and property of metal67 4.3The change of structure and property of deformed metal during heating70 4.4Hot working of metal75 4.5Superplasticity76 Chapter5Binary Alloy78 5.1Definitions and basic concepts78 5.2Phase structure of alloy80 5.3Binary alloy diagram83 Chapter 6Iron Carbon Alloys99 6.1Phase structure and properties of iron carbon alloys99 6.2Iron carbon equilibrium diagram101 6.3Plain carbon steels115 Chapter 7Heat Treatment of Steel120 7.1Introduction120 7.2Formation of austenite during heating122 7.3Decomposition of austenite during cooling129 7.4Annealing of steel140 7.5Normalising of steel144 7.6Hardening of steel146 7.7Tempering of steel159 7.8The surface quenching of steel165 7.9The chemical heat treatment of the steel170 Chapter 8Alloy Steels177 8.1Effects of alloying elements in steel177 8.2Mechanisms of strengthening in metals183 8.3Categories and code of alloy steels186 8.4Structural alloy steels186 8.5Tool steels195 8.6Steels for spe use202 Chapter 9Cast Iron207 9.1Introduction207 9.2Graphitisation of cast iron207 9.3Classify of cast iron209 9.4Grey cast iron211 9.5Malleable cast iron214 9.6Spheroidal cast iron218 9.7Vermicular cast iron223 9.8Alloy cast iron224 Chapter10Nonferrous Metals and Their Alloys228 10.1Aluminum and its alloys229 10.2Copper and its alloys237 10.3Magnesium and its alloys241 10.4Titanium and their alloys243 10.5Bearing alloys247 Chapter 11Polymer250 11.1Introduction250 11.2Classification of polymers251 11.3Structural characteristics of polymers255 11.4Properties of polymers and plastics266 11.5Additives for plastic materials and compounding277 11.6Polymer processes279 11.7Properties and utilities of selected polymers283 Chapter 12Advanced Materials285 12.1Introduction285 12.2Information functional materials285 12.3Composite materials286 12.4Smart materials292 12.5Nanomaterials294 12.6Biomaterial300 12.7Porous materials301 Chapter 13Material Selecting for Parts304 13.1Failure of mechanical parts304 13.2General principles for selecting suitable materials310 13.3Selecting suitable material for typical parts and working process311 References316
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