深度学习基础
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作者(美)尼基尔·巴杜马(Nikhil Buduma) 著
出版社东南大学出版社
ISBN9787564175177
出版时间2018-02
装帧平装
开本16开
定价80元
货号1201665702
上书时间2024-08-10
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作者简介
尼基尔·巴杜马，Remedy的联合创始人和首席科学家，该公司位于美国旧金山，旨在建立数据驱动为主的健康管理新系统。16岁时，他在圣何塞州立大学管理过一个药物发现实验室，为资源受限的社区研发新颖而低成本的筛查方法。到了19岁，他是靠前生物学奥林匹克竞赛的两枚品牌获得者。随后加入MIT，在那里他专注于开发大规模数据系统以影响健康服务、精神健康和医药研究。在MIT，他联合创立了Lean On Me，一家全国性的非营利组织，提供匿名短信热线在大学校园内实现有效的一对一支持，并运用数据来积极影响身心健康。如今，Nikhil通过他的风投基金Q Venture Partners投资硬科技和数据公司，还为Milwaukee Brewers篮球队管理一支数据分析团队。
目录
Preface
1. The Neural Network
Building Intelligent Machines
The Limits of Traditional Computer Programs
The Mechanics of Machine Learning
The Neuron
Expressing Linear Perceptrons as Neurons
Feed-Forward Neural Networks
Linear Neurons and Their Limitations
Sigmoid， Tanh， and ReLU Neurons
Softmax Output Layers
Looking Forward
2. Training Feed-Forward Neural Networks
The Fast-Food Problem
Gradient Descent
The Delta Rule and Learning Rates
Gradient Descent with Sigmoidal Neurons
The Backpropagation Algorithm
Stochastic and Minibatch Gradient Descent
Test Sets， Validation Sets， and Overfitting
Preventing Overfitting in Deep Neural Networks
Summary
3. Implementing Neural Networks in TensorFIow
What Is TensorFlow?
How Does TensorFlow Compare to Alternatives?
Installing TensorFlow
Creating and Manipulating TensorFlow Variables
TensorFlow Operations
Placeholder Tensors
Sessions in TensorFlow
Navigating Variable Scopes and Sharing Variables
Managing Models over the CPU and GPU
Specifying the Logistic Regression Model in TensorFlow
Logging and Training the Logistic Regression Model
Leveraging TensorBoard to Visualize Computation Graphs and Learning
Building a Multilayer Model for MNIST in TensorFlow
Summary
4. Beyond Gradient Descent
The Challenges with Gradient Descent
Local Minima in the Error Surfaces of Deep Networks
Model Identifiability
How Pesky Are Spurious Local Minima in Deep Networks?
Flat Regions in the Error Surface
When the Gradient Points in the Wrong Direction
Momentum-Based Optimization
A Brief View of Second-Order Methods
Learning Rate Adaptation
AdaGrad——Accumulating Historical Gradients
RMSProp——Exponentially Weighted Moving Average of Gradients
Adam——Combining Momentum and RMSProp
The Philosophy Behind Optimizer Selection
Summary
5. Convolutional Neural Networks
Neurons in Human Vision
The Shortcomings of Feature Selection
Vanilla Deep Neural Networks Dont Scale
Filters and Feature Maps
Full Description of the Convolutional Layer
Max Pooling
Full Architectural Description of Convolution Networks
Closing the Loop on MNIST with Convolutional Networks
Image Preprocessing Pipelines Enable More Robust Models
Accelerating Training with Batch Normalization
Building a Convolutional Network for CIFAR-10
Visualizing Learning in Convolutional Networks
Leveraging Convolutional Filters to Replicate Artistic Styles
Learning Convolutional Filters for Other Problem Domains
Summary
6. Embedding and Representation Learning
Learning Lower-Dimensional Representations
Principal Component Analysis
Motivating the Autoencoder Architecture
Implementing an Autoencoder in TensorFlow
Denoising to Force Robust Representations
Sparsity in Autoencoders
When Context Is More Informative than the Input Vector
The Word2Vec Framework
Implementing the Skip-Gram Architecture
Summary
7. Models for Sequence Analysis
Analyzing Variable-Length Inputs
Tackling seq2seq with Neural N-Grams
Implementing a Part-of-Speech Tagger
Dependency Parsing and SyntaxNet
Beam Search and Global Normalization
A Case for Stateful Deep Learning Models
Recurrent Neural Networks
The Challenges with Vanishing Gradients
Long Short-Term Memory （LSTM） Units
TensorFlow Primitives for RNN Models
Implementing a Sentiment Analysis Model
Solving seq2seq Tasks with Recurrent Neural Networks
Augmenting Recurrent Networks with Attention
Dissecting a Neural Translation Network
Summary
8. Memory Augmented Neural Networks
Neural Turing Machines
Attention-Based Memory Access
NTM Memory Addressing Mechanisms
Differentiable Neural Computers
Interference-Free Writing in DNCs
DNC Memory Reuse
Temporal Linking of DNC Writes
Understanding the DNC Read Head
The DNC Controller Network
Visualizing the DNC in Action
Implementing the DNC in TensorFlow
Teaching a DNC to Read and Comprehend
Summary
9. Deep Reinforcement Learning
Deep Reinforcement Learning Masters Atari Games
What Is Reinforcement Learning?
Markov Decision Processes （MDP）
Policy
Future Return
Discounted Future Return
Explore Versus Exploit
Policy Versus Value Learning
Policy Learning via Policy Gradients
Pole-Cart with Policy Gradients
OpenAI Gym
Creating an Agent
Building the Model and Optimizer
Sampling Actions
Keeping Track of History
Policy Gradient Main Function
PGAgent Performance on Pole-Cart
Q-Learning and Deep Q-Networks
The Bellman Equation
Issues with Value Iteration
Approximating the Q-Function
Deep Q-Network （DQN）
Training DQN
Learning Stability
Target Q-Network
Experience Replay
From Q-Function to Policy
DQN and the Markov Assumption
DQNs Solution to the Markov Assumption
Playing Breakout wth DQN
Building Our Architecture
Stacking Frames
Setting Up Training Operations
Updating Our Target Q-Network
Implementing Experience Replay
DQN Main Loop
DQNAgent Results on Breakout
Improving and Moving Beyond DQN
Deep Recurrent Q-Networks （DRQN）
Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic Agent （A3C）
UNsupervised REinforcement and Auxiliary Learning （UNREAL）
Summary
Index
内容摘要
随着神经网络在21世纪重振旗鼓，深度学习已成为极其活跃的研究领域，为现代机器学习开辟了道路。在这本实用书籍中，作者Nikhil Buduma提供清晰的解释以引导你学完这个复杂领域的主要概念。Google、微软和Facebook等公司正在积极发展内部的深度学习团队。对于我们而言，尽管如此，深度学习仍然是一门很好复杂和难以掌握的课题。如果你熟悉Python，并且具有微积分背景，以及对于机器学习的基本理解，本书将帮助你开启深度学习之旅。
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