【假一罚四】中国文化（文学）李春雨
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作者李春雨
出版社五洲传播出版社
ISBN9787508527369
出版时间2015-05
装帧平装
开本16开
定价128元
货号23897968
上书时间2024-11-22
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前言
Preface:
Chinese Literature Going Global – The Significance of Mo Yan’s Prize to the History of Literature
On 11 October 2012, the Swedish Academy awarded the annual Nobel Prize in Literature to Chinese writer Mo Yan. The impact of this event on the development of Chinese literature was immense. Mo Yan’s success demonstrated that Chinese literature is slowly finding a global audience, and is gaining recognition within world literature from a unique angle. The prize was not only a dream come true within Chinese literary circles, but also made Chinese people treat the Nobel Prize calmly. It also provided the opportunity for Chinese literature to reflect on its own development. According to the Nobel Committee’s prize announcement, Mo Yan’s novels “merge hallucinatory realism with folk tales, history and the contemporary;” his reflections on history and analysis of human nature strike a chord not only in China, but around the world. This demonstrates that for literature to transcend time and national boundaries, it should focus on real life and reflect the human soul, rather than express political views or cater to the mass market and consumer culture. As well as Mo Yan, there are a number of unique contemporary Chinese writers who show great creative potential, such as Jia Pingwa, Chen Zhongshi, Wang Anyi, Yu Hua, Su Tong, Liu Zhenyun, Bi Feiyu and Chi Zijian. Their work reflects a wide range of views and perspectives, and they have gained a large overseas audience.
In terms of its origins, Chinese literature can be traced back more than 3,000 years. From then until the early twentieth century, its development was unbroken; it has nurtured the souls of Chinese people across the generations, and has played a large part in establishing the nation’s cultural identity. In the early twentieth century, a profound transformation of Chinese literature took place that included its concepts, contents and language, and even its relationship with world literature. It thus entered a new phase. Over the course of the new century, China’s ongoing development and growth in international status have led to it receiving ever greater attention; the nation’s deepening levels of reform and openness have promoted exchange with the wider world, laying the foundations for its literature to reach out yet further. Literature embodies China’s profound history, reflects the complex and evolving reality of today’s society, and expresses the nation’s dreams for a better future. Literature is the most fruitful medium for communication between China and the rest of the world. Exploring global concerns, and expressing human nature and feelings, are responsibilities that it should gladly embrace; indeed, these have been some of its qualities since ancient times.
导语摘要
中国文学的历史至少可以追溯到3000多年前。它包括一脉相承、绵延至20世纪初叶的古代文学，也包括20世纪以来在文学观念、内容、语言诸方面已经发生全方位转型的现当代文学。
作者简介
李春雨 文学博士，北京语言大学教授、硕士生导师，主要从事中国现当代文学与文化、汉语国际教育方面的教学和研究。近年来，先后在国内社科核心期刊发表学术论文40余篇，并参与或主持完成多个省部级研究课题。代表性论著有《出版文化与中国文学的现代转型》《北京文化的异域审视》《中国现代文学资料与研究》《曹禺评说七十年》《心灵的憩园——走进巴金的<家>》等。2009—2010年，赴美国西点军校外语系任教，并在日本、新加坡及台湾、香港和澳门等国家和地区进行文化交流。
目录
Contents
Preface
Part One
Ancient Chinese Literature
Overview of Ancient Chinese Literature
Evolution of
Ancient Chinese Literature
Main Characteristics of
Ancient Chinese Literature
An Age of Essays
Pre-Qin Schools of Thought
Sima Qian and Records of
the Grand Historian
Eight Great Prose Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties
The Rise of Poetry
The Book of Songs:
The First Collection of Poems
Qu Yuan: Romantic Lyric Poems
Tao Yuanming:
A Hermit's Pastoral Poems
Immortal Li Bai
Poet-Sage Du Fu
Bai Juyi and "New Yuefu"
CI Poetry
Su Shi: A Fresh Approach to Ci Poetry
Li Qingzhao: Graceful
and Restrained Ci Poetry
Xin Qiji: Bold and
Unconstrained Ci Poetry
Drama Comes of Age
Guan Hanqing: Great Yuan Playwright
Romance of the West Chamber
Tang Xianzu's Drama Legends
Novels Reach a Peak
Historical Novel: Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Heroic Legend: Water Margin
Gods and Demons Novel: Journey to the West
Ghost Novel: Strange Stories from
a Chinese Studio
Masterpiece: Dream of the Red Chamber
Part Two
Chinese Modern and
Contemporary Literature
Overview of Chinese Modern and Contemporary Literature
Evolution of Chinese Modern and Contemporary Literature
Main Characteristics of Chinese Modern and Contemporary Literature
Modern Novels: Echoes of the Times
Lu Xun: Founder of New Literature
Ba Jin: The Torrents Trilogy
Lao She: Beijing Civil Society
Shen Congwen's World of West Hunan
Eileen Chang's Life Legends
Modern Poetry: Seeking a Voice of its Own
Guo Moruo: Destruction and Creation
Xu Zhimo: Crescent Moon Poetry
Ai Qing: Rooted in the Land
Mu Dan: Abundance and the Pain of Abundance
Modern Stage Plays: Development of an import
Cao Yu: Born for Drama
Tian Han: Drama Imitates Life
Contemporary Period: New Trends in Poetry
The Rise of Misty Poetry
Bei Dao: A Rational Poet
Gu Cheng: A Fairytale Poet
Hai Zi: The Catcher in the Rye
Contemporary Period: Diverse Novels
Jia Pingwa: Returning to Cultural Roots
Yu Hua: Vanguard Novels
Su Tong: New Historical Novels
Mo Yan and Hallucinatory Realism
Concluding Remarks: Trends of the New Century
内容摘要
中国文学的历史至少可以追溯到3000多年前。它包括一脉相承、绵延至20世纪初叶的古代文学，也包括20世纪以来在文学观念、内容、语言诸方面已经发生全方位转型的现当代文学。
主编推荐
李春雨 文学博士，北京语言大学教授、硕士生导师，主要从事中国现当代文学与文化、汉语国际教育方面的教学和研究。近年来，先后在国内社科核心期刊发表学术论文40余篇，并参与或主持完成多个省部级研究课题。代表性论著有《出版文化与中国文学的现代转型》《北京文化的异域审视》《中国现代文学资料与研究》《曹禺评说七十年》《心灵的憩园——走进巴金的<家>》等。2009—2010年，赴美国西点军校外语系任教，并在日本、新加坡及台湾、香港和澳门等国家和地区进行文化交流。
精彩内容
Gods and Demons Novel: Journey to the West
“You carry the burden, I pull the horse. We welcome the sun as it rises, and bid goodbye as it sets. Stomp flat the bumpy road, to become the Great Way. After defeating dangers and obstacles, we set out again, and then again, from spring to summer and back again, through the many bouts of life’s joys and sorrows. If you ask which way to go, the way is under your feet…” This is the theme song of the popular Chinese TV series Journey to the West, which vividly portrays the arduous and heroic journey undertaken by Tang Monk and his disciples to fetch Buddhist ******ures from the Western Heaven.
This “gods and demons” novel, one of the greatest accomplishments of Chinese ancient literature, is said to have been written by Wu Cheng’en (c. 1500–1582) in the Ming Dynasty. Its characters fit mainly into one of three categories. First, there are immortals, Buddhist figures and Taoist figures, such as Gautama Buddha, Jade Emperor, Queen Mother of the West, Bodhisattva Guanyin, Most Exalted Lord Lao, God Erlang and Nezha; second are mortals such as Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, Squire Kou and Marquis Shangguan; third are monsters such as White Bone Spirit, Yellow Robe Monster, Great King of Miraculous Response, Bull Demon King, Red Boy and Scorpion Spirit. Each of the three categories sparkles with unforgettable characters.
Tang Monk is one of the most important. As a child, he becomes a pious Buddhist with the monastic title of Xuanzang. To benefit the country and its people, he leaves the Tang Dynasty’s territory in the east to fetch Buddhist ******ures from the Western Heaven, and faces a catalogue of difficulties and obstacles. He takes Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie and Friar Sand with him as his disciples. Because he strictly follows the Buddhist rule of “having mercy and compassion,” he inadvertently—and repeatedly—falls into monsters’ traps. After enduring eighty-one tribulations, and overcoming many hardships and dangers, he finally obtains the Buddhist ******ures and enters a state of perfect enlightenment, or Buddhahood.
Sun Wukong is one of the most successful depictions in the work; he is a stone monkey formed by the coupling of Heaven and Earth. Once he has mastered martial arts, he calls himself “Great Sage Equal to Heaven;” he solicits treasures from the Palace of the Dragon King, erases names in the Register of Life and Death, and creates havoc in Heaven. He thus symbolizes the rebellious spirit: he resists restraint, challenges authority, and pursues equality and freedom of expression in all respects, all of which constitute the greatest source of his charm. Wu Cheng’en also vividly describes Sun Wukong’s courage and resourcefulness in fighting to protect Tang Monk on the road to the Western Heaven, along with other attributes such as penetrating eyesight, the ability to distinguish truth from falsehood, the ability to use the seventy-two methods of transformation and use complicated methods to subdue demons.
Zhu Bajie, with the monastic title of Wuneng, is Tang Monk’s second disciple. Originally the Marshal of the Heavenly Canopy, he is banished into the mortal world for getting drunk and flirting with Chang’e; but he ends up in the womb of a female boar due to an incarnation error. He is strong, loyal and capable, but work-shy, lustful, and fond of eating. He also likes to gain petty advantages over others. While Tang Monk and Sun Wukong “have no interest in mundane affairs,” Zhu Bajie is more worldly and comical, and has been much loved over the ages.
Journey to the West’s monsters, who rape women, plunder and are generall
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