chapter 1introduction / 001 ◎ 1. 1 the birth and development of geics and genomics / 001 ◎ 1.2 categories of geic disease / 001 ◎ 1.3 onward / 002 chapter 2chromosomal basis heredity / 004 ◎ 2. 1 the human genome and the chromosomal basis of heredity / 004 ◎ 2.2 transmission of the genome / 012 ◎ 2.3 human gametogenesis and fertilization / 018 ◎ 2.4 the human karyotype / 022 ◎ 2.5 medical relevance of mitosis and meiosis / 024 chapter 3patterns of single-gene inheritance / 026 ◎ 3. 1 overview and concepts / 026 ◎ 3.2 pedigrees / 029 ◎ 3.3 mendelian inheritance / 031 ◎ 3.4 autosomal patterns of mendelian inheritance / 032 ◎ 3.5 x-linked inheritance / 040 ◎ 3.6 eudoautosomal inheritance / 047
◎ 3.7 mosaicism / 048 ◎ 3.8 parent-of-origin effects on inheritance patterns / 050 ◎ 3.9 dynamic mutations: unstable repeat expansions / 051 ◎ 3. 10 correlating genotype and phenotype / 055 ◎ 3. 11 importance of the family history in medical practice / 057
chapter 4…… principle of clinical cytogeics / 060 ◎ 4. 1 introduction to cytogeics and genome analysis / 061 ◎ 4.2 chromosome abnormalities / 069 ◎ 4.3 chromosome and genome analysis in cancer / 082 chapter 5chromosome disease / 085 ◎ 5. 1 mechanisms of abnormalities / 085 ◎ 5.2 aneuploidy / 086 ◎ 5.3 idiopathic chromosome abnormalities / 091 ◎ 5.4 the sex chromosomes and their abnormalities / 094 chapter 6multiple-factor inheritance / 108 ◎ 6. 1 qualitative and quantitative traits / 109 ◎ 6.2 familial aggregation and correlation / 111 ◎ 6.3 determining the relative contributions of genes and environment to plex disease / 114 ◎ 6.4 examples of mon multifactorial diseases with a geic contribution / 120 ◎ 6.5 examples of multifactorial traits for which specific geic and environmental factors are known / 127 ◎ 6.6 the challenge of multifactorial disease with plex inheritance / 135
002 / m edical g eics
contents
chapter 7epigeics / 137 ◎ 7. 1 epigeic and epigenomic aspects of gene expression / 137 ◎ 7.2 gene expression as the integration of genomic and epigenomic signals / 142 ◎ 7.3 allelic imbalance in gene expression / 142 ◎ 7.4 variation in gene expression and its relevance to medicine / 148 chapter 8geics of cancer / 150 ◎ 8. 1 neosia / 150 ◎ 8.2 geic basis of cancer / 152 ◎ 8.3 cancer in families / 156 ◎ 8.4 familial occurrence of cancer / 169 ◎ 8.5 sporadic cancer / 169 ◎ 8.6 cytogeic changes in cancer / 173 ◎ 8.7 applying genomics to individualize cancer therapy / 174 chapter 9geic variation in individuals and populations: mutation and polymorphism / 180 ◎ 9. 1 the nature of geic variation / 181 ◎ 9.2 inherited variation and polymorphism in dna / 184 ◎ 9.3 the origin and frequency of different types of mutations / 188 ◎ 9.4 types of mutations and their consequences / 192 ◎ 9.5 variation in individual genomes / 196 ◎ 9.6 impact of mutation and polymorphism / 197 ◎ 9.7 genotypes and phenotypes in populations / 197 ◎ 9.8 factors that disturb hardy-weinberg equilibrium / 202
chapter 10the treatment of geic disease / 211 ◎ 10. 1the current state of treatment of geic disease /212 ◎ 10.2spe considerations in treating geic disease /215 ◎ 10.3treatment by the manipulation of metabolism / 216 ◎ 10.4treatment to increase the function of the affected gene or protein / 220 ◎ 10.5gene therapy / 237 ◎ 10.6precision medicine: the present and future of the treatment of mendelian disease / 245 chapter 11geic counseling and risk assessment / 247 ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎11. 1 11.2 11.3 11.4family history in risk assessment / 247 geic counseling in clinical practice / 248 determining recurrence risks / 252 empirical recurrence risks / 257 references / 261
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