作者简介 Richard Paul:思辨研究专家,国际思辨研究运动主要负责人,已发表200余篇与思辨研究相关的论文、出版23部论述思辨研究的著作。Linda Elder:教育心理学专家、思辨研究专家,在美国多所大学任教,主要教授课程为教育心理学、思辨能力培养;思辨研究协会会长、思辨中心执行主任。
目录
Introduction..........i
The Theory The Premise of This Guide..........1 Writing for a Purpose..........1 Substantive Writing..........2 The Problem of Impressionistic Writing..........2 Writing Reflectively..........3 Writing as Exercise for the Mind..........4 How to Write a Sentence..........5 Writing to Learn..........5 Substantive Writing in Content Areas..........6 Relating Core Ideas to Other Core Ideas..........7 Writing Within Disciplines..........8 The Work of Writing..........9 Non-Substantive Writing..........10
The Practice Exercises in Substantive Writing..........12 Paraphrasing..........13 Sample Paraphrases..........15 Paraphrasing Short Quotes..........16 Paraphrasing and Clarifying Substantive Texts..........20 Exploring Conflicting Ideas..........33 Exploring Key Ideas Within Disciplines..........36 Analyzing Reasoning..........41 Evaluating Reasoning..........48
Appendix A: The Logic of an Article Appendix B: Evaluating an Author’s Reasoning Appendix C: (for Instructors) Mapping Sentences Appendix D: (for Instructors) How to Teach Students to Assess Writing Appendix E: The Function of Transitional Words
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