作者简介 Richard Paul:思辨研究专家,国际思辨研究运动主要负责人,已发表200余篇与思辨研究相关的论文、出版5部论述思辨研究的著作。Linda Elder:教育心理学专家、思辨研究专家,在美国多所大学任教,主要教授课程为教育心理学、思辨能力培养;思辨研究协会会长、思辨中心执行主任。
目录
Why A Thinker's Guide on How to Study and Learn A Discipline?..........iii How to Use This Guide..........iv
Part I: Laying the Foundation..........1 18 Ideas for Becoming a Master Student..........1 How to Study and Learn a Discipline..........3 How to Learn with Discipline..........5 How to Identify an Underlying Idea for the Subjects You Study..........6 Understanding Content Through the Thinking It Requires: A Key to Deep Learning..........7 How to Identify the Structure of a Subject: The Elements of Thought..........8 How to Figure Out the Form of Thinking Essential to Courses or Subjects..........9 How to Think Within the Ideas of a Subject..........11 How to Analyze the Logic of an Article, Essay, or Chapter..........13 How to Figure Out the Logic of a Textbook..........15 How to Understand Ideas..........17 How to Control (and Not Be Controlled by) Ideas..........18 How to Understand Reading, Writing, Speaking, Listening, and Thinking..........19 How to Learn Ideas from Textbooks..........21
Part II: Following Through..........23 How Good a Student Are You?..........23 How to Think Through the Defining Traits of the Disciplined Mind..........25 How to Understand Intellectual Standards..........27 How to Evaluate an Author’s Reasoning..........29 How to Raise Important Questions Within a Subject..........30 How to Distinguish One-System from Competing-Systems Disciplines..........31 How to Ask Questions About Fields of Study..........33 How to Ask Questions About Textbooks..........34 How to Understand the Logic of Biochemistry (An Example)..........35 How to Think Biologically (An Example)..........36 How to Think Historically (An Example)..........37 How to Understand the Logic of Philosophy, Sociology, and Archaeology (Three Final Examples)..........39 How to Understand the Role of Questions in Thinking and Learning..........42 How to Distinguish In
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