汽车专业英语
正版保障 假一赔十 可开发票
￥ 24.52 6.3折 ￥ 39 全新
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作者何宝文，杨雪松主编
出版社清华大学出版社
ISBN9787302454274
出版时间2016-09
装帧平装
开本16开
定价39元
货号8922387
上书时间2024-12-17
商品详情
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目录
Chapter 2 Engine 9
Unit 1 Four-stage Engine Operation 9
Unit 2 Main Components of Internal
Combustion Engine 17
Unit 3 Power Mechanism of the Engine 26
Unit 4 Valves and Valve Train 36
Unit 5 Engine Fuel System 44
Unit 6 Engine Cooling System 53
Unit 7 Engine Lubrication System 62
Unit 8 Electronic Fuel Injection System 70
Unit 9 Emission Control System 78
Unit 10 Intake and Exhaust Systems 87
Chapter 3 Chassis 97
Unit 1 Power Train 97
Unit 2 Clutch 103
Unit 3 Manual Transmission 110
Unit 4 Automatic Transmission 116
Unit 5 The Steering System 127
Unit 6 Automobile Braking System 133
Unit 7 Antilock Brake System 141
Unit 8 GPS Navigation System 147
Unit 9 Frame and Suspension 154
Unit 10 Electronic Stability Program 161
Chapter 4 Electrical Equipment 171
Unit 1 Charging System 171
Unit 2 Starting System 178
Unit 3 Ignition System Basic 184
Unit 4 Electronic Ignition System 191
Unit 5 Air Bag System 199
Unit 6 Air Conditioning 209
Chapter 5 Car Selling 216
Unit 1 Some Basic Marketing Theory 216
Unit 2 How to Be a Good Car
Salesman 224
APPENDIX 236
Ⅰ Vocabulary 236
Ⅱ Abbreviation 256
Ⅲ Special Words 259
Ⅳ Example of Engine Specifications 261
Ⅴ 2016 Volkswagen Passat Technical
Data 262
参考文献 264
内容摘要
Unit 1 Four-stage Engine Operation
There are various types of engines such as electric motors, stream engines and internal combustion engines. However, the internal combustion engine seems to be the most commonly used in the automotive field. According to the fuel energy used, internal combustion engines are further divided into gasoline engines and diesel engines.
The internal combustion engine, as its name indicates, burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle. The actions taking place in the engine cylinder can be classified into four stages, or stroke. The “stroke” refers to piston movement — a stroke occurs when the piston moves from one limiting position to the other. The upper limit of piston movement is called TDC (top dead center). The lower limit of the piston movement is called BDC (bottom dead center). A stroke is the movement from TDC to BDC or from BDC to TDC. In other words, the piston completes a stroke, each time it changes its direction of motion, as shown in Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1 Four-stroke Engine
Almost all cars currently use the so-called four-stroke cycle engine to convert gasoline into motion. The four-stroke approach is also known as the Otto cycle, in honor of Nicolaus Otto, who invented it in 1867. The four strokes are intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke, as shown in Figure 2-2.
Figure 2-2 The Operation of a Four-stroke Cycle Engine
Intake stroke. The piston is connected to the crankshaft by a connecting rod. On the intake stroke, the piston moves down from the TDC to the BDC as the crankshaft revolves. This downward movement of the piston creates a vacuum, a difference in pressure in the space above the piston. The intake valve opens automatically as or slightly before the piston starts down, therefore, the air fuel mixture pushed by the atmospheric pressure outside the engine, rushes through the intake manifold and into the engine cylinder. At the same time, the exhaust valve remains closed and prevents the entering air fuel charge from escaping through the exhaust port. The mixture of air and vaporized gasoline is delivered to the cylinder by the fuel system and carburetor.
Compression stroke. After the piston reaches the BDC, the piston moves back up to compress this combustible mixture within the combustion chamber and the intake valve and the exhaust valve are all closed. Since both valves are closed, the piston compresses the air fuel mixture in the small space between the top of the piston and the cylinder head. When the mixture is compressed, not only does the pressure in the cylinder go up, but also the temperature increases. As the piston reaches the TDC again during its upward travel, the compression stroke of the piston is over. The air fuel charge is now under compression so that it will produce a great deal of power when the spark plug ignites it.
Power stroke. Just as or slightly before the piston reaches the TDC on the compression stroke with the air fuel mixture fully compressed, a timed electrical spark appears at the spark plug. This spark ignites the compressed air fuel mixture. The burning mixture begins to expand, and the cylinder pressure increase to as much as 3~5MPa or even more. This tremendous force pushed the piston downward on the power stroke, and a power impulse transmitted through the connecting rod to the crankpin on the crankshaft. The crankshaft is rotated as the piston is pushed down by the pressure above it. In other words, the force resulting from the expansion of the burning air fuel mixture is turning the crankshaft.
Exhaust stroke. The exhaust valve opens, near the end of the downward movement of the piston on the power stroke, although much of the gas pressure has expended itself driving the piston downward, some pressure still remains when the exhaust valve opens. This remaining pressurized gas flows comparatively freely from the cylinder through the passage port opened by the exhaust valve. Then, as the piston again moves up in the cylinder, it drives any remaining gases out of the cylinder past the open exhaust valve. In other words, while the exhaust valve is open, the upward movement of the piston provides an effective method for discharging all waste gases from the engine cylinder and combustion chamber. As the crankshaft nears the end of its second complete revolution, the piston again approaches the TDC position. At this point the exhaust valve is closing and the intake valve starts to open. Both valves are open together for a short period of time in order to accelerate the fresh charge to flow into the cylinder.
As the piston travels through the TDC position and starts downward again in the cylinder, a new operating cycle begins. This four–stroke cycle of piston within the cylinder is repeated time and again to put the vehicle forward.
Words and Expressions
1. various ['v??ri?s] adj. 各种各样的
……
主编推荐
精彩内容本书按照高职高专职业技术教育的特点和培养方案，本着“适用、管用、够用”的原则，联系现代汽车技术发展的实际情况，结合知识与实践，精心编写而成。
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目 录
Chapter 1
Brief History of Automobile 1
Words and Expressions 3
Notes 4
Exercises 4
Reading Material 5
Chapter 2
Engine 9
Unit 1
Four-stage Engine Operation 9
Words and Expressions 11
Notes 11
Exercises 12
Reading Material 13
Unit 2
Main Components of Internal
Combustion Engine 17
Words and Expressions 20
Notes 21
Exercises 22
Reading Material 23
Unit 3
Power Mechanism of the Engine 26
Words and Expressions 29
Notes 30
Exercises 30
Reading Material 32
Unit 4
Valves and Valve Train 36
Words and Expressions 38
Notes 39
Exercises 40
Reading Material 41
Unit 5
Engine Fuel System 44
Words and Expressions 47
Notes 48
Exercises 49
Reading Material 50
Unit 6
Engine Cooling System 53
Words and Expressions 55
Notes 57
Exercises 57
Reading Material 59
Unit 7
Engine Lubrication System 62
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