目录 第一章 绪论:语言、语言学与翻译研究 导论 选文 选文一 On Linguistic Aspects of Translation 选文二 Translation and Language:A Linguistic Approach to Translation Studies 选文三 Linguistics and Translation 选文四 翻译的语言学情结 选文五 翻译学研究中的语言学模式与方法 选文六 试析翻译的语言学研究 延伸阅读 问题与思考 研究实践 重新审视现代语言学理论在翻译研究中的作用——比利时“语言与翻译研究国际研讨会”专家访谈录 第二章 语言对比与翻译研究 导论 选文 选文一 翻译与对比语言学 选文二 Comparative Stylistics of French and English:A Methodology for Translation 选文三 Principles of Correspondence 选文四 Shifts of Translation 选文五 Type,Kind and Individuality of Text: Decision Making in Translation 延伸阅读 问题与思考 研究实践 汉语双主句英译初探 标语翻译的文本分析和翻译策略——以上海世博会标语的翻译为例 第三章 系统功能语言学(SFL)与翻译研究 导论 选文 选文一 M. A.K.Halliday and Translation 选文二 J.C.Catford and SFL 选文三 Peter Newmark and SFL 选文四 Basil Hatim,Ian Mason and SFL 选文五 Translation Quality Assessment: Linguistic Description versus Social Evaluation 选文六 系统功能语言学路向翻泽研究述评 延伸阅读 问题与思考 研究实践 汉英部分语篇衔接手段的差异 第四章 文体学与翻译研究 导论 选文 选文一 The Place of Literary Stylistics in the Translation of Fiction 选文二 Towards a Methodology for Investigating the Style of a Literary Translator 延伸阅读 问题与思考 研究实践 基于语料库的译者风格与翻译策略研究——以《红楼梦》中报道动词及英译为例 第五章 语篇分析与翻译研究 导论 选文 选文一 Text Linguistics and Translation 选文二 语篇语言学与翻译研究 延伸阅读 问题与思考 研究实践 小说翻译的语义连贯重构 第六章 语用学/社会语言学与翻译研究 导论 选文 选文一 Pragmatics and Translation 选文二 Perlocutionary Equivalence: Marking, Exegesis and Recontextualisation …… 第七章 心理语言学/认知语言学视域下的翻译研究 第八章 语料库语言学与翻译研究 参考文献
内容摘要 The first half of the 20th century also saw links established between translation and anthropologically-based linguistics. Through the Empire, English speakers had been broughtinto contact with a world beyond Europe and with speakers of vastly different languages.Through his fieldwork centred on the life of the Trobriand islanders of New Guinea in thesouthwest Pacific, Bronislaw Malinowski (1884-1942), holder of the first Chair ofAnthropology at the University of Lonclon, was empirically confronted with the limits oftranslation. With no English terms available for concepts crucial to his description of theculture and religion of the islanders, Malinowski was left no choice but to become "[iln thehistory of English linguistics [... ] the first scholar to deal with the systematic use oftranslation in the statement of meaning in ethnographic texts" (Firth, 1968:76). Previouslyundocumented languages also attracted the attention of linguists in the United States, whereinterest focused on the Native American languages. Rapidly facing extinction, these becamethe object of study of such linguists as Franz Boas (1858-1942) and Edward Sapir (1884-1939), both born in Europe and trained in neo-grammarian methodology. The observationsof Sapir, and in turn Benjamin Whorf (1897-1944), found an expression in what hasbecome known as the Sapir/Whorf hypothesis which, with its emphasis on disparity in worldview between speakers of vastly different languages (Whorf, 1956), makes translation anear impossibility in its more extreme, "stronger" interpretation. In its 66weaker" version,on the other hand, it does little more than confirm the experience of every practisingtranslator that languages differ not so much with respect to what it is possible to say in themas to the degree of difficulty with which it can be said. The European heritage of the neogrammarian insistence on rigour in methodology was atthe time reinforced in the USA by the influence of behaviourist, mechanistic psychology onlinguistics, which found its leading exponent in Leonard Bloomfield (1887-1949). With itsstrong emphasis on methodology and concern with the structure of language to the exclusionof meaning, Bloomfield s Language (1933) dominated the study of linguistics during the1930s and 1940s, confining the scope of linguistic analysis of American "structuralists" toonly the structure and rules of the language investigated. Early views on the link between translation and linguistics are found in an often-quotedpaper by the Czech-born American structuralist Roman Jakobson. In "On I,inguistic Aspectsof Translation," Jakobson (1959/2000) points to three different kinds of translation. Whileinterlingual translation entails the transfer of content as well as of form from one language toanother, intralingual translation entails the process of rewording in one and the samelanguage for purposes of clarification. The third kind is intersemiotic translation, which isthe method employed when a written text is transferred to another medium such as film ormusic. Acknowledging the need for the latter two types of translation, Roman Jakobsonpresciently anticipated recently-debated issues and developments in present-day translationstudies. In an article in The Independent of 15 November 2001, Susan Bassnett provoked alively debate with her proposal that, in order to maintain the interest of present-day schoolchildren, Shakespeare is in need of rewording (in other words, intralingual "translation")into modern English. And, as the need for expertise in audio-visual translation rocketsbetween English and other lesser-used European languages for use in film and television,intersemiotic translation is becoming the subject of avid attention. ……
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