作者简介 Scott Meyers是全世界最知名的C++软件开发专家之一。他是畅销书《Effective C++》系列(Effective C++,More Effective C++,Effective STL)的作者,又是创新产品《Effective C++ CD》的设计者和作者,也是Addison-Wesley的“Effective Software Development Series"顾问编辑,以及《Software Development》杂志咨询板成员。他也为若干新公司的技术咨询板提供服务。Meyers于1993年自Brown大学获得计算机博士学位。他的网址是www,aristeia.com.
目录 译序 vii
中英简繁术语对照 ix
目录 xvii
序言 xxi
致谢 xxiii
导读
1. 让自己习惯c++
accustoming yourself to c++
条款01:视c++ 为一个语言联邦
view c++ as a federation of languages
条款02:尽量以const, enum, inline替换 #define
prefer consts,enums, and inlines to #defines.
条款03:尽可能使用const
use const whenever possible.
条款04:确定对象被使用前已先被初始化
make sure that objects are initialized before they're used.
2. 构造/析构/赋值运算
constructors, destructors, and assignment operators
条款05:了解c++ 默默编写并调用哪些函数
know what functions c++ silently writes and calls.
条款06:若不想使用编译器自动生成的函数,就该明确拒绝
explicitly disallow the use of compiler-generated functions you do not want.
条款07:为多态基类声明virtual析构函数
declare destructors virtual in polymorphic base classes.
条款08:别让异常逃离析构函数
prevent exceptions from leaving destructors.
条款09:绝不在构造和析构过程中调用virtual函数
never call virtual functions during construction or destruction.
条款10:令operator= 返回一个reference to *this
have assignment operators return a reference to *this.
条款11:在operator= 中处理“自我赋值”
handle assignment to self in operator=.
条款12:复制对象时勿忘其每一个成分
copy all parts of an object.
3. 资源管理
resource management
条款13:以对象管理资源
use objects to manage resources.
条款14:在资源管理类中小心coping行为
think carefully about copying behavior in resource-managing classes.
条款15:在资源管理类中提供对原始资源的访问
provide access to raw resources in resource-managing classes.
条款16:成对使用new和delete时要采取相同形式
use the same form in corresponding uses of new and delete.
条款17:以独立语句将newed对象置入智能指针
store newed objects in smart pointers in standalone statements.
4. 设计与声明
designs and declarations
条款18:让接口容易被正确使用,不易被误用
make interfaces easy to use correctly and hard to use incorrectly.
条款19:设计class犹如设计type
treat class design as type design.
条款20:宁以pass-by-reference-to-const替换pass-by-value
prefer pass-by-reference-to-const to pass-by-value.
条款21:必须返回对象时,别妄想返回其reference
don't try to return a reference when you must return an object.
条款22:将成员变量声明为private
declare data members private.
条款23:宁以non-member、non-friend替换member函数
prefer non-member non-friend functions to member functions.
条款24:若所有参数皆需类型转换,请为此采用non-member函数
declare non-member functions when type conversions should apply to all parameters.
条款25:考虑写出一个不抛异常的swap函数
consider support for a non-throwing swap.
5. 实现
implementations
条款26:尽可能延后变量定义式的出现时间
postpone variable definitions as long as possible.
条款27:尽量少做转型动作
minimize casting.
条款28:避免返回handles指向对象内部成分
avoid returning “handles” to object internals.
条款29:为“异常安全”而努力是值得的
strive for exception-safe code.
条款30:透彻了解inlining的里里外外
understand the ins and outs of inlining.
条款31:将文件间的编译依存关系降至最低
minimize compilation dependencies between files.
6. 继承与面向对象设计
inheritance and object-oriented design
条款32:确定你的public继承塑模出is-a关系
make sure public inheritance models “is-a.”
条款33:避免遮掩继承而来的名称
avoid hiding inherited names.
条款34:区分接口继承和实现继承
differentiate between inheritance of interface and inheritance of implementation.
条款35:考虑virtual函数以外的其他选择
consider alternatives to virtual functions.
条款36:绝不重新定义继承而来的non-virtual函数
never redefine an inherited non-virtual function.
条款37:绝不重新定义继承而来的缺省参数值
never redefine a function's inherited default parameter value.
条款38:通过复合塑模出has-a或“根据某物实现出”
model “has-a” or “is-implemented-in-terms-of” through composition.
条款39:明智而审慎地使用private继承
use private inheritance judiciously.
条款40:明智而审慎地使用多重继承
use multiple inheritance judiciously.
7. 模板与泛型编程
templates and generic programming
条款41:了解隐式接口和编译期多态
understand implicit interfaces and compile-time polymorphism.
条款42:了解typename的双重意义
understand the two meanings of typename.
条款43:学习处理模板化基类内的名称
know how to access names in templatized base classes.
条款44:将与参数无关的代码抽离templates
factor parameter-independent code out of templates.
条款45:运用成员函数模板接受所有兼容类型
use member function templates to accept “all compatible types.”
条款46:需要类型转换时请为模板定义非成员函数
define non-member functions inside templates when type conversions are desired.
条款47:请使用traits classes表现类型信息
use traits classes for information about types.
条款48:认识template元编程
be aware of template metaprogramming.
8. 定制new和delete
customizing new and delete
条款49:了解new-handler的行为
understand the behavior of the new-handler.
条款50:了解new和delete的合理替换时机
understand when it makes sense to replace new and delete.
条款51:编写new和delete时需固守常规
adhere to convention when writing new and delete.
条款52:写了placement new也要写placement delete
write placement delete if you write placement new.
9. 杂项讨论
miscellany
条款53:不要轻忽编译器的警告
pay attention to compiler warnings.
条款54:让自己熟悉包括tr1在内的标准程序库
familiarize yourself with the standard library, including tr1.
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