Since 12th Five-Year Plan executed, China’s demographic dividend has gradually disappeared. Chinese economy growth slowdown from a high rate to mid-high rate growth. China will enter into an important stage, where the country will move from middle-income country to high-income country. According to international experience, this is not easy. At the same time, the 13th Five-Year Plan requires to achieve a comprehensive “Well-off” society. The starting point of this goal is to further improve people’s livelihood, to increase people’s well-being. China has gradually built a comprehensive pension insurance system, a basic medical insurance system and security system in the labor market during 12th Five-Year period. However, the existing social security system is still facing many problems, such as unfairness, financial unsustainability and system inefficiency.
At “new normal” state, the Chinese economy will enter a new phase that is different from the high-speed growth pattern exhibited in the past, especially in population and labor markets, such as, rising elder population, relatively limited surpluses of migrant workers, rising labor wages etc. So, China’s economic development is still facing serious challenges during 13th Five-Year Plan period.Changing demographic structure and slowing down economic growth will also challenge the social security system at a higher level. In order to achieve a sustainable and healthy economic development, we need to understand the new features of Chinese population and labor market. The theme of this report is “12th Five-Year Review and 13th Five-Year Outlook”, which reviews the development of population and employment during the 12th Five-Year period, analyzes the key issues and challenges facing social policies, summarizes the related international experiences. This report also discusses how to perfect the social policy implementation to achieve more sufficient employment, more equal basic public services supply in the 13th Five-Year period, thus forming the new economic growth point to continue China’s economic miracle.
The authors of this report have not only long been engaged in the theory of population, migration flows, employment, social security and other aspects of the research, but also participated in many related fields of policy planning and formulation, so they can combine theoretical research and practice effectively. This report conducts theoretical and practical research in the trends of population, migration flows, employment, labor compensation and social security system comprehensively for the purpose of offering population and development strategy in the 13th Five-Year period.
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