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¥ 16.78 1.7折 ¥ 98 九品
库存3件
作者Jingming
出版社五洲传播出版社
ISBN9787508527031
出版时间2014-04
装帧平装
开本16开
定价98元
货号1157587557644091403
上书时间2024-11-28
Foreword
Xiamen Xiang'an Tunnel is the first undersea tunnel from the Chinese mainland. It has the largest cross-section among all the existing undersea highway tunnels that have used the drilling and blasting method around the world. The investigation, design and construction have all been independently completed by China, which is a milestone in Chinese tunnel construction history.
Tunnel construction is a difficult, high-risk, and cutting-edge technology which represents the complex integration of different fields related to tunnel construction technology, as well as showing the comprehensive national strength. At present, 40 undersea tunnels which have used the drilling and blasting method have been built. They are mainly found in European countries, Japan and a few other developed countries. Although China is good at using the drilling and blasting method in mountain tunnel construction, this experience cannot help to completely solve the series of technical problems arising in undersea tunnel design, construction and operation. Before Xiamen Xiang'an Tunnel, there was no precedent domestic undersea tunnel project meaning that there was no workable technology model.
Xiamen Xiang'an Tunnel is constructed in a complex construction environment and poor geological conditions: the terrestrial completely and strongly weathered soft strata, the shallow water-rich sand stratum, and the undersea weathered slots (pockets of weathered rocks). The section with poor geological conditions accounts for about 54% of the total length and the overburden stratum is thin. It has to cross the Chinese White Dolphin National Sanctuary. The mixture of unfavorable geology, the scale of the project, the risks involved and the complex construction conditions have not been seen before for tunnels around the world which have chosen to use the drilling and blasting method. It also has problems that have to be overcome using world-class technology and extra construction risks.
The total length of Xiamen Xiang'an Tunnel is 8.695 km, with 6.05 km under the sea, and the deepest point of the tunnel is 7 m from the sea level. The construction of Xiamen Xiang'an Tunnel officially started on September 6, 2005, and the tunnel was finally opened at 10 o'clock on April 26, 2010, totaling 4 years and 8 months of construction. The excavated earth and stone alone added up to about 2.35 million cubic meters, which could almost fill up one of Egyptian pyramids. 55,000 tons of steel was used, which equals the amount of steel required to construct seven Eiffel Towers. 2,500 tons of explosives and 870,000 cubic meters of concrete were also used. High-performance, corrosionresistant, domestically-developed concrete, which lasts over 100 years was used in the construction, and was strengthened to withstand an earthquake which reaches level 8 on the Richter scale. The construction process succeeded in achieving a global standard, and it was one of the three national model projects.
This is one of this century's grand projects. After the completion of Xiang'an Tunnel, the driving time from Xiamen to Xiang'an is shortened from 90 minutes to 8 minutes. It greatly improves the quality and speed of the integration strategy for urban and rural development inside and outside of Xiamen Island. It is included in the national strategy for the construction of the Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone. It has great and far-reaching significance and will reap significant social and economic benefits.
Epilogue
Xiang'an Tunnel, a magnificent project, has not only realized the Xiamen people's hundred-year dream of reaching the other side through the seabed. It will be written in history as a milestone. It is China's first undersea tunnel and the undersea road tunnel with a cross section larger than any other tunnel in the world which used the drilling and blasting method.
This tunnel bears the dream and expectation of generations of people, the constructors' hard work over 1,700 days and nights, and the wisdom and strength of all construction units. It is a fruit of democratic decision making and scientific development.
The geological conditions of Xiang'an Tunnel were quite complicated. The tunnel would only come into being after overcoming various obstacles such as heavily weathered shallow stratums, shallow water-rich sand layers and undersea weathered slots. The whole project is largescale but with little engineering experience, high technical difficulty, high construction risk and wide social impact. In particular, the undersea weathered slot was even regarded a world-level difficulty by experts.
This is a groundbreaking project. A lot of valuable experience had been gained, and a number of key technologies have been mastered, which provides an important reference for China's future undersea tunnel constructions. As China's first undersea tunnel, the surveying, design and construction were all independently carried out by China. It is an excellent project and a great breakthrough with quality, quantity and security all guaranteed. This successful project has fully demonstrated China's strength and technological innovation in the field of undersea tunnel construction, and has enriched and developed the world's undersea tunnel construction technologies.
At the same time, Xiang'an Tunnel is also an exploratory project. Some shortcomings and regrets are inevitably left to be studied and overcome during subsequent undersea tunnel projects. For example, still more improvements and research are required for the grouting reinforcement materials and technologies for undersea soft stratum, the supporting mechanization for undersea tunnel construction, the level control of risky events during undersea constructions, the research and development of exclusive devices for emergencies, and the humanized design methods with full consideration of convenient management and maintenance.
徐景明,厦门日报记者.
Xu Jingming, Xiamen Daily Reporter
Contents
Foreword
Xiang'an Tunnel Construction Background and Decisionmaking Process
Construction: From Surveying to Solving the World's Problem
Attaching Importance to Safety and Quality, Xiang'an Tunnel Created the Record of "No Deaths"
A Well-crafted Landscape and Electromechanical Engineering
Accumulate Operating Experience Then Assume Responsibility
Providing Valuable Experience for China's Undersea Tunnel Construction
Epilogue
海底是人类的未知领域之一,通过海底隧道连接交通,是一个创造性的梦想。翔安隧道这一宏伟的工程,不仅圆了厦门岛内外人民百年来穿越海底抵达彼岸的梦想,也将载入史册,成为具有里程碑意义的中国首条海底隧道。这是迄今为止世界上断面大的钻爆法公路海底隧道,充分展现了中国的海底隧道建设实力和科技创新成果,是中国综合国力的体现。图书历史性地呈现了这一中国的创造性工程的决策、建设、创新和经验成就等内容。
The seabed is almost unchartered territory for human beings, and it is a creative dream to allow transportation through seabed tunnels. The magnificent project of Xiang’an Tunnel realized the dream of people inside and outside Xiamen Island for over a century to pass through the seabed and reach the other shore. This milestone project will also be recorded in history as the first subsea tunnel in China. This subsea highway tunnel adopts the drilling and blasting method and it has the largest tunnel cross section for the world until now, fully reflecting the subsea tunnel construction strength, the innovative technological achievements and the comprehensive national strength of China. The book demonstrates the historical decision-making, construction, innovation, experience and achievement of this creative project of China.
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