On the Nature of Marx's Things: Translation as Necrophilology
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作者Jacques Lezra
出版社Fordham University Press
ISBN9780823279432
出版时间2018-03
印刷时间2018-03
装帧平装
页数288页
上书时间2022-03-05
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On the Nature of Marx’s Things is a major rethinking of the Marxian tradition, one based not on fixed things but on the inextricable interrelation between the material world and our language for it. Lezra traces to Marx’s earliest writings a subterranean, Lucretian practice that he calls necrophilological translation that continues to haunt Marx’s inheritors. This Lucretian strain, requiring that we think materiality in non-self-evident ways, as dynamic, aleatory, and always marked by its relation to language, raises central questions about ontology, political economy, and reading.
“Lezra,” writes Vittorio Morfino in his preface, “transfers all of the power of the Althusserian encounter into his conception of translation.” Lezra’s expansive understanding of translation covers practices that put different natural and national languages into relation, often across periods, but also practices or mechanisms internal to each language. Obscured by later critical attention to the contradictory lexicons―of fetishism and of chrematistics―that Capital uses to describe how value accrues to commodities, and by the dialectical approach that’s framed Marx’s work since Engels sought to marry it to the natural philosophy of his time, necrophilological translation has a troubling, definitive influence in Marx’s thought and in his wake. It entails a radical revision of what counts as translation, and wholly new ways of imagining what an object is, of what counts as matter, value, sovereignty, mediation, and even number.
In On the Nature of Marx’s Things a materialism “of the encounter,” as recent criticism in the vein of the late Althusser calls it, encounters Marxological value-form theory, post-Schmittian divisible sovereignty, object-oriented-ontologies and the critique of correlationism, and philosophies of translation and untranslatability in debt to Quine, Cassin, and Derrida. The inheritors of the problems with which Marx grapples range from Spinoza’s marranismo, through Melville’s Bartleby, through the development of a previously unexplored Freudian political theology shaped by the revolutionary traditions of Schiller and Verdi, through Adorno’s exilic antihumanism against Said’s cosmopolitan humanism, through today’s new materialisms.
Ultimately, necrophilology draws the story of capital’s capture of difference away from the story of capital’s production of subjectivity. It affords concepts and procedures for dismantling the system of objects on which neoliberal capitalism stands: concrete, this-wordly things like commodities, but also such “objects” as debt traps, austerity programs, the marketization of risk; ideologies; the pedagogical, professional, legal, even familial institutions that produce and reproduce inequities today.
是对马克思传统的重大反思，不是基于固定的事物，而是基于物质世界和我们的语言之间不可分割的相互关系。Lezra 将马克思最早的著作，追溯到一个隐秘的，被他称为，恋尸癖翻译的卢克莱特式的实践，这一直困扰着马克思的继承者。这种运气论的观点，要求我们以非自明的方式思考物质性，动态的，偶然的，并且总是以它与语言的关系为标志，提出了关于本体论，政治经济学和阅读的中心问题。“ lezra,”vittorio morfino 在他的序言中写道，“把 althusserian 遭遇的所有力量，转移到他的翻译概念中”Lezra 对翻译的广义理解涵盖了将不同的自然语言和民族语言联系起来的实践，通常跨越不同的时期，但也涵盖了每种语言内部的实践或机制。资本主义用来描述商品是如何获得价值的，资本主义用来描述商品是如何获得价值的，自从恩格斯试图将马克思的著作与他那个时代的自然哲学结合起来以来，这些矛盾的词汇被后来的批判性注意力所掩盖，恋尸学翻译对马克思的思想和后来的马克思思想有着令人不安的、决定性的影响。它需要对翻译的定义进行彻底的修正，以全新的方式来想象一个物体是什么，什么是物质，价值，主权，调解，甚至数字。在马克思事物的本质中，一种被晚期阿尔都塞称为“相遇的唯物主义”的批判，遭遇了马克思学的价值形式理论、后施密特主权可分性理论、面向对象的本体论和相关主义的批判，以及翻译和不可译性的哲学，这些都与奎因、卡辛和德里达有关。从斯宾诺莎的马拉尼斯主义，到梅尔维尔的巴特比，再到西勒和威尔第的革命传统塑造的前所未有的弗洛伊德政治神学，再到阿多诺反对塞义德的世界人道主义的流亡反人道主义，再到今天的新唯物主义，最终，恋尸学描绘了资本捕获差异的故事，远离了资本主体性产生的故事。它提供了摧毁新自由主义资本主义所依赖的对象体系的概念和程序: 具体的，这种崇高的东西，如商品，但也有这样的“对象”，如债务陷阱，紧缩计划，风险的市场化; 意识形态; 教育学，专业，法律，甚至家庭制度，今天产生和再生不平等。
基本信息
出版社 : Fordham University Press; 第 1st 版 (2018年3月27日)
语言 : 英语
平装 : 288页
ISBN-10 : 082327943X
ISBN-13 : 978-0823279432
商品重量 : 386 g
尺寸 : 15.24 x 1.65 x 22.86 cm
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