foreword i introduction nature and scope of ary science 1 guide to the literature 3 numbers in science 4 dimensions and units 5 exercises 6 ii astronomical perspective introduction 7 distance scales in the universe 7 the big bang 10 limitations on big bang nucleosynthesis 14 galaxy and star formation 15 structure and classification of galaes 16 classification of stars 18 stellar evolution 25 star clusters 27 stellar origins 29 outline of star formation 33 stellar explosions and nucleosynthesis 34 nuclear cosmochronology 43 exercises 47 iii general description of the solar system introduction 50 the sun 50 orbits of the s 52 changes in orbital motion 57 properties of the s 58 mass and angular momentum distribution 59 satellites 63 asteroids 69 ets 71 meteors 72 meteorites 72 cosmic dust 73 cosmic rays 73 ary science in the space age 74 summary 76 exercises 76 iv the sun and the solar nebula introduction 77 energy production in the sun 77 energy transport in the sun 79 internal structure of the sun 83 surface of the sun 84 the chromosphere 87 the corona 88 discovery of the solar wind 90 radio wave propagation in space smas 91 the solar wind 92 chemistry of solar material 96 ionization 97 dissociation and molecule formation 100 hydrogen and the rare gases 101 oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen 102 magnesium and silicon 105 iron 106 sulfur 107 aluminum and calcium 108 sodium and potassium 109 nickel and cobalt 110 phosphorus and the halogens 111 geochemical classification of the elements 111 the chemistry of rapid accretion 116 kiic inhibition 117 mass and density of the solar nebula 118 thermal opacity in the solar nebula 121 dust opacity 129 thermal structure of the nebula 131 turbulence and dust sedimentation 134 accretion of rocks, esimals, and s 136 gas capture from the solar nebula 138 the t tauri phase 141 thermal history of the early solar system 143 exercises 144 v the major s introduction 147 interiors of jupiter and saturn: data 148 isothermal interior models of jupiter and saturn 151 thermal models of jupiter and saturn 154 the atmospheres of jupiter and saturn: observed ition 156 tropheric ition and structure: theory 159 cloud condensation in the nh3–h2o–h2s system 165 cloud physics on the jovian s 174 galileo perspectives on jovian clouds 179 ion production in the jovian atmosphere 180 visible and infrared radiative transfer 183 horizontal structure and atmospheric circulation 187 photochemistry and aeronomy 200 the jovian thermosphere 217 radiophysics and magospheres of jupiter and saturn 218 the interiors of uranus and neptune 229 atmospheres of uranus and neptune 238 perspectives 247 exercises 247 vi pluto and the icy satellites of the outer s introduction 252 surfaces of icy satellites 253 eclie radiometry 256 surface temperatures 257 surface morphology of the galilean satellites 258 density and ition of icy satellites 265 internal thermal structure of galilean satellites 267 dynamical interactions of the galilean satellites 272 thermal and tectonic evolution of icy satellites 275 minor satellites of jupiter 278 ary rings 280 titan 289 the intermediate—sized saturnian satellites 293 minor satellites of saturn 296 satellites of uranus 299 satellites of neptune 303 the pluto–charon system 308 the neptune–pluto resonance 311 spacecraft exploration 311 exercises 312 vii ets and meteors historical perspectives 317 nature and nomenclature of ets 319 etary orbits 321 heating by passing stars 325 evaporation and nongravitational forces 326 the nucleus and a of p/halley 328 chemistry and photochemistry of water 328 further chemical processes in the a and tail 332 behavior of small particles 333 dynamical behavior of dust in space 334 meteors 336 etary fireballs 343 etary impacts on jupiter 344 exercises 347 viii meteorites and asteroids introduction 350 introduction to meteorites 350 meteorite orbits 353 phenomena of fall 355 physical properties of meteorites 358 meteorite minerals 362 taxonomy and ition of chondrites 362 metamorphic grades of chondrites 367 taxonomy and ition of achondrites 369 taxonomy and ition of stony—irons 371 taxonomy and ition of irons 372 isotopic ition of meteorites 375 geic relationshi between meteorite classes 382 introduction to asteroids 384 asteroid orbits 386 stability of trojan and plutino orbits 389 sizes, shapes, and albedos of asteroids 391 masses and densities of asteroids 393 photometry and spectroscopy of asteroids 394 thermal evolution of asteroids 401 dynamical evolution of the asteroid belt 406 centaurs and trans—neptunian objects 409 relationshi among asteroids, meteorites, and ets 412 radar observations of near—earth asteroids 415 asteroid resources 416 exercises 419 ix the airless rocky bodies: io, phobos, deimos, the moon, and mercury introduction 424 orbits and physical structure of phobos and deimos 426 io: general properties 430 io: surface processes 430 io: internal energy sources 432 io: geology 433 io: atmospheric and volcanic gases 435 io: escape and the sma torus 437 io: geic relationshi 438 impact cratering 438 motions of the moon 443 physical properties of the moon 445 elemental ition of the moon’s surface 445 lunar rock types 447 lunar minerals 449 lunar elemental abundance patterns 451 geology of the moon 451 geophysics of the moon 452 history of the earth–moon system 456 origin and internal evolution of the moon 458 solar wind interaction with the moon and mercury 460 the mercury 461 motions of mercury 461 ition and structure of mercury 462 noncrater geology of mercury 463 geophysics of mercury 463 atmospheres of mercury and the moon 468 polar deits on mercury and the moon 469 unfinished business&n
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