激光火工品技术

鲁建存，男，汉族，陕西应用物理化学研究所研究员，享受政府津贴专家。1948年12月出生于陕西省城固县。1975年毕业于北京理工大学火工品专业。先后参加30余项科研工作，其中，4项获得兵器集团二等奖与工信部二等奖、2项获得原国防科工委三等奖、6项获得工信部三等奖，主持编写了GB/T13889-1992《油气井用电雷管通用技术条件》。在《火工品》《兵器激光》《激光技术》《光子学报》等杂志及中国激光工程应用学术会议、火工品与烟火学术会议、中国民用爆破器材学术会议、空间飞行器火工装置学术会议、中国科协学术会议、靠前推进剂//烟火技术秋季研讨会、靠前测试学术会议、兵器科技创新论坛、兵工学会学术年会等会议上，发表论文、报告26篇。获国防发明授权10余项。曾担任硕士生导师、博士生副导师。

目 录 第1章 激光火工品技术发展.................................................................................................. 1 1.1 国外研究状况................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内研究情况.................................................................................................................. 6 1.3 国内外差距...................................................................................................................... 8 第2章 激光火工品作用机理................................................................................................ 12 2.1 激光起爆作用机理分析................................................................................................... 12 2.1.1 光冲量对的作用................................................................................................... 13 2.1.2 光化学反应对的作用............................................................................................ 13 2.1.3 电击穿对的影响................................................................................................... 14 2.1.4 冲击波对的作用................................................................................................... 14 2.1.5 热分解反应对的作用............................................................................................ 15 2.2 激光热起爆机理............................................................................................................. 15 2.2.1 激光热起爆过程分析................................................................................................... 15 2.2.2 激光热起爆临界能量计算............................................................................................ 18 2.3 激光爆炸箔起爆机理...................................................................................................... 25 2.3.1 EBW起爆和LEBW起爆.............................................................................................. 25 2.3.2 LEBW起爆能量的转变................................................................................................. 26 2.3.3 多孔含能药粉的LEBW模型........................................................................................ 27 2.4 激光冲击片起爆机理...................................................................................................... 28 2.5 光化学起爆机理............................................................................................................. 32 2.5.1 试验现象与结果.......................................................................................................... 32 2.5.2 反应机理模型分析....................................................................................................... 35 2.5.3 DACP的光化学起爆..................................................................................................... 37 2.6 激光起爆数值模拟................................................................................................... 39 2.6.1 数学模型..................................................................................................................... 40 2.6.2 计算结果与讨论.......................................................................................................... 41 2.7 激光点火机理................................................................................................................. 43 2.7.1 激光点火过程.............................................................................................................. 44 2.7.2 激光点火理论分析..................................................................................................... 45 2.7.3 点在激光作用下的飞行时间质谱........................................................................... 47 2.8 激光点火的数值模拟...................................................................................................... 48 2.8.1 TiKClO4等激光点火模拟............................................................................................. 49 2.8.2 MgNaNO3激光点火数值模拟....................................................................................... 56 2.8.3 FeS激光点火数值模拟................................................................................................ 62 2.8.4 BKNO3激光点火数值模拟........................................................................................... 70 2.8.5 火炮激光点火的数值仿真............................................................................................ 74 第3章 激光器..................................................................................................................... 77 3.1 固体激光器.................................................................................................................... 79 3.1.1 固体激光工作物质....................................................................................................... 79 3.1.2 自由振荡固体激光技术................................................................................................ 84 3.1.3 调Q激光技术............................................................................................................. 96 3.2 气体激光器.................................................................................................................... 99 3.2.1 He-Ne激光器............................................................................................................... 99 3.2.2 CO2激光器................................................................................................................. 100 3.2.3 等离子体激光技术..................................................................................................... 104 3.3 半导体激光器............................................................................................................... 105 3.3.1 半导体激光器工作原理.............................................................................................. 105 3.3.2 激光火工品系统用半导体激光器.............................................................................. 125 第4章 光学元器件............................................................................................................. 133 4.1 光纤............................................................................................................................. 133 4.1.1 光纤结构、分类、光传播与参数................................................................................ 133 4.1.2 激光能量传输用光纤.................................................................................................. 139 4.2 光缆及其连接............................................................................................................... 152 4.2.1 光缆.......................................................................................................................... 152 4.2.2 光纤接头................................................................................................................... 153 4.2.3 光缆组件................................................................................................................... 156 4.2.4 光缆连接................................................................................................................... 158 4.3 合束器与分束器........................................................................................................... 163 4.3.1 合束器....................................................................................................................... 163 4.3.2 分束器....................................................................................................................... 164 4.4 光开关......................................................................................................................... 172 4.4.1 机械机电式光开关.................................................................................................... 172 4.4.2 电光开关................................................................................................................... 176 4.4.3 声光开关................................................................................................................... 176 4.4.4 固体磁光开关............................................................................................................ 176 4.4.5激光驱动烟火光开关................................................................................................... 177 4.4.6 MEMS光开关............................................................................................................ 178 4.5 耦合元件...................................................................................................................... 187 4.5.1 聚焦类耦合元件......................................................................................................... 187 4.5.2 窗口类耦合元件......................................................................................................... 188 4.6 通用光学元件............................................................................................................... 189 4.6.1 玻璃基片................................................................................................................... 189 4.6.2 介质膜片................................................................................................................... 189 4.6.3 干涉滤光片................................................................................................................ 189 4.6.4 角锥.......................................................................................................................... 189 4.7 光衰减器...................................................................................................................... 190 4.7.1光缆衰减器................................................................................................................. 190 4.7.2 光衰减器................................................................................................................... 190 4.7.3 光学分束器...............................................................