斐多(英文)
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作者柏拉图
出版社辽宁人民出版社
ISBN9787205082802
出版时间2015-07
装帧平装
开本其他
定价36元
货号1060157321319661577
上书时间2024-12-04
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前言
General Preface
Millions of Chinese are learning English to acquire knowledge and skills for communication in a world where English has become the primary language for international discourse. Yet not many learners have come to realize that the command of the English language also enables them to have an easy access to the world literary classics such as Shakespeare’s plays, Shelley’s poems, mark Twain’s novels and Nietzsche’s works which are an important part of liberal-arts education. The most important goals of universities are not vocational, that is, not merely the giving of knowledge and the training of skills.
In a broad sense, education aims at broadening young people’s mental horizon, cultivating virtues and shaping their character. Lincoln, Mao Zedong and many other great leaders and personages of distinction declared how they drew immense inspiration and strength from literary works. As a matter of fact, many of them had aspired to become writers in their young age. Alexander the Great (356-323 B.C.) is said to take along with him two things, waking or sleeping: a book and a dagger, and the book is Iliad, a literary classic, by Homer. He would put these two much treasured things under his pillow when he went to bed.
Today, we face an unprecedented complex and changing world. To cope with this rapid changing world requires not only communication skills, but also adequate knowledge of cultures other than our own home culture. Among the most important developments in present-day global culture is the ever increasing cultural exchanges and understanding between different nations and peoples. And one of the best ways to know foreign cultures is to read their literary works, particularly their literary classics, the soul of a country’s culture. They also give you the best language and the feeling of sublimity.
Liaoning People’s Publishing House is to be congratulated for its foresight and courage in making a new series of world literary classics available to the reading public. It is hoped that people with an adequate command of the English language will read them, like them and keep them as their lifetime companions.
I am convinced that the series will make an important contribution to the literary education of the young people in china. At a time when the whole country is emphasizing “spiritual civilization”, it is certainly a very timely venture to put out the series of literary classics for literary and cultural education.
Zhang Zhongzai
Professor
Beijing Foreign Studies University
July, 2013 Beijing
总 序
经典名著的语言无疑是最凝练、最优美、最有审美价值的。雪莱的那句“如冬已来临，春天还会远吗？”让多少陷于绝望的人重新燃起希望之火，鼓起勇气，迎接严冬过后的春天。徐志摩一句“悄悄的我走了，正如我悄悄的来；我挥一挥衣袖，不带走一片云彩”又让多少人陶醉。尼采的那句“上帝死了”，又给多少人以振聋发聩的启迪作用。
读经典名著，尤其阅读原汁原味作品，可以怡情养性，增长知识，加添才干，丰富情感，开阔视野。所谓“经典”，其实就是作者所属的那个民族的文化积淀，是那个民族的灵魂缩影。
英国戏剧泰斗莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》和《麦克白》等、“意大利语言之父”的但丁的《神曲》之《地狱篇》《炼狱篇》及《天堂篇》、爱尔兰世界一流作家詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》及《一个艺术家的肖像》等、美国风趣而笔法超一流的著名小说家马克·吐温的《哈克历险记》以及《汤姆索亚历险记》等，德国著名哲学家尼采的《查拉图斯特拉如是说》及《快乐的科学》等等，都为塑造自己民族的文化积淀，做出了永恒的贡献，也同时向世界展示了他们所属的民族的优美剪影。
很多著名领袖如林肯、毛泽东等伟大人物，也都曾从经典名著中汲取力量，甚至获得治国理念。耶鲁大学教授查尔斯·希尔曾在题为《经典与治国理念》的文章，阐述了读书与治国之间的绝妙关系。他这样写道：“在几乎所有经典名著中，都可以找到让人叹为观止、深藏其中的治国艺术原则。”
经典名著，不仅仅有治国理念，更具提升读者审美情趣的功能。世界上不同时代、不同地域的优秀经典作品，都存在一个共同属性：歌颂赞美人间的真善美，揭露抨击世间的假恶丑。读欧美自但丁以来的经典名著，你会看到，西方无论是在漫长的黑暗时期，抑或进入现代进程时期，总有经典作品问世，对世间的负面，进行冷峻的批判。与此同时，也有更多的大家作品问世，热情讴歌人间的真诚与善良，使读者不由自主地沉浸于经典作品的审美情感之中。
英语经典名著，显然是除了汉语经典名著以外，人类整个进程中至关重要的文化遗产的一部分。从历史上看，英语是全世界经典阅读作品中，使用得最广泛的国际性语言。这一事实，没有产生根本性变化。本世纪相当长一段时间，这一事实也似乎不会发生任何变化。而要更深入地了解并切身感受英语经典名著的风采，阅读原汁原味的英语经典作品的过程，显然是必不可少的。
辽宁人民出版社及时并隆重推出“最经典英语文库”系列丛书，是具有远见与卓识的出版行为。我相信，这套既可供阅读，同时也具收藏价值的英语原版经典作品系列丛书，在帮助人们了解什么才是经典作品的同时，也一定会成为广大英语爱好者、大中学生以及学生家长们挚爱的“最经典英语文库”。
北京外国语大学英语学院
北外公共外交研究中心
欧美文学研究中心主任
全国英国文学学会名誉会长
张中载 教授
2013年7月于北京
作者简介柏拉图（约公元前427-347年），英译为Plato。西方哲学乃至西方文化史上最伟大的哲学家和思想家之一。出生于古希腊雅典贵族家族，自幼受到良好教育，后师从苏格拉底。他所开创的“柏拉图主义”、“柏拉图式爱情”、经济学图表对后世影响深远。在他的著作中，苏格拉底的死亡被称为“西方文学史上最伟大的死亡”，仅次于基督之死。除《苏格拉底之死》（也有译为《苏格拉底的申辩》）外，还有《对话录》、《理想国》等著作。
目录
INTRODUCTION OF PHAEDO
PHAEDO
BONUS： THE REPUBLIC
INTRODUCTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE REPUBLIC
Introduction of Book I
Introduction of Book II
Introduction of Book III
Introduction of Book IV
Introduction of Book V
Introduction of Book VI
Introduction of Book VII
Introduction of Book VIII
Introduction of Book IX
Introduction of Book X
THE REPUBLIC
Book I Of Wealth， Justice， Moderation， and Opposites
Book II The Individual， the State， and Education
Book III The Arts in Education
Book IV Wealth， Poverty， and Virtue
Book V On Matrimony and Philosophy
Book VI The Philosophy of Government
Book VII On Shadows and Realities in Education
Book VIII Four Forms of Government
Book IX On Wrong or Right Government， ant
Pleasures of Each
Book X The Recompense of Life
内容摘要《最经典英语文库：斐多（英文版）》讲述了苏格拉底一生中最后的时刻，包括苏格拉底饮鸩之前的谈话、饮鸩之后的谈话，直至他失去知觉为止。在柏拉图心目中，苏格拉底代表着智慧和善，是慷慨赴死的理想人物。可以说，苏格拉底在最后时刻的泰然自若，是完全出自他对灵魂不朽的信仰。
《最经典英语文库：斐多（英文版）》的重要性就在于，它不仅描写了一个殉道者的死难，而且还论述了理念与灵魂不朽的学说。
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