计算机组成原理

图书标准信息

• 作者 杨泽雪 主编
• 出版社 机械工业出版社
• 出版时间 2021-08
• 版次 1
• ISBN 9787111686781
• 定价 45.00元
• 装帧 其他
• 开本 16开
• 纸张 胶版纸
• 页数 268页
• 字数 447千字

【内容简介】

“计算机组成原理”是计算机专业的必修课程，在整个计算机类课程体系中处于承上启下的关键位置。本书主要介绍计算机的基本组成和内部工作原理，内容包括计算机系统概论、计算机中数的表示、运算单元设计、存储器系统、指令系统、CPU 的结构与设计、系统总线和输入输出系统。另外，本书配有慕课课程，具有可读性高和适用性强的特点。

【目录】

前言

第1 章　计算机系统概论 ·········· 1

1.1　计算机发展简史 ······················· 1

1.1.1　计算机的产生及发展 ········ 1

1.1.2　计算机的分类 ················ 3

1.1.3　计算机的应用场景 ·········· 7

1.1.4　计算机的发展趋势 ·········· 9

1.2　计算机系统简介 ····················· 10

1.2.1　软硬件系统 ·················· 10

1.2.2　计算机层次结构 ············ 11

1.3　计算机系统的硬件组成 ············ 13

1.3.1　冯·诺依曼原理 ············ 13

1.3.2　计算机的硬件组成 ········· 15

1.4　计算机系统的性能指标 ············ 17

1.5　习题 ··································· 19

第2 章　计算机中数的表示 ····· 20

2.1　进位计数制及进制转换 ············ 20

2.2　数的符号表示 ························ 22

2.2.1　无符号数表示 ··············· 22

2.2.2　有符号数表示 ··············· 23

2.2.3　 BCD 码 ······················· 26

2.2.4　字符数据表示 ··············· 28

2.3　数的定点表示和浮点表示 ········· 30

2.3.1　定点表示 ····················· 31

2.3.2　浮点表示 ····················· 31

2.4　实例：IEEE 754 标准 ·············· 34

2.5　数据校验 ······························ 36

2.5.1　奇偶校验码 ·················· 36

2.5.2　海明校验码 ·················· 37

2.5.3　循环冗余校验码 ············ 39

2.6　习题 ··································· 41

第3 章　运算单元设计 ··········· 44

3.1　逻辑运算和移位运算 ··············· 44

3.1.1　基本逻辑运算 ··············· 44

3.1.2　移位运算 ····················· 45

3.2　定点运算 ······························ 48

3.2.1　加减法运算 ·················· 48

3.2.2　乘法运算 ····················· 52

3.2.3　除法运算 ····················· 63

3.3　浮点运算 ······························ 69

3.3.1　加减法运算 ·················· 70

3.3.2　乘除法运算 ·················· 72

3.4　算术逻辑单元（ALU） ············· 75

3.4.1　 并行加法器与快速进

位链 ··························· 75

3.4.2　ALU 单元 ···················· 80

3.5　习题 ··································· 81

第4 章　存储器系统 ·············· 84

4.1　存储器的分类及层次结构 ········· 84

4.1.1　存储器的分类 ··············· 84

4.1.2　存储器的层次结构 ········· 85

4.2　主存储器 ······························ 87

4.2.1　概述 ··························· 87

4.2.2　随机存储器（RAM） ······· 92

4.2.3　只读存储器（ROM） ······· 98

4.2.4　存储器与CPU 的连接 ··· 104

4.2.5　存储器的扩展 ············· 105

4.3　高速缓冲存储器（Cache） ······· 111

4.3.1　概述 ························· 111

4.3.2　Cache 的工作原理 ········ 112

目　录 V

4.3.3　Cache 的调度与替换 ····· 114

4.4　虚拟存储器 ·························· 117

4.4.1　页式虚拟存储器 ·········· 118

4.4.2　段式虚拟存储器 ·········· 119

4.4.3　段页式虚拟存储器 ······· 120

4.5　辅助存储器 ·························· 121

4.5.1　 磁记录原理与记录

方式 ························· 121

4.5.2　硬磁盘存储器 ············· 123

4.5.3　光盘及其他辅助存储器 ·· 125

4.6　习题 ·································· 127

第5 章　指令系统 ················ 130

5.1　机