Classical Myth（Fourth Edition）
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作者Barry B. Powell (author) and Herbert M. Howe (tr.)
出版社Pearson / Prentice-Hall
ISBN9780131825901
出版时间2004
版次4 edition
印刷时间2004
装帧平装
页数720页
定价77.4元
货号F752
上书时间2016-03-31
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本书原定价77.40美元，净重1090克，馆藏自然旧。【图书分类：神话与原始宗教】For courses in Classical Mythology in Classics, English, or other departments. Comprehensive and scholarly, this well-designed and class-tested text presents Greek and Roman myths in a lively and easy-to-read manner. It features fresh translations, numerous illustrations (ancient and modern) of classical myths and legends, and commentary that emphasizes the anthropological, historical, religious, sociological, and economic contexts in which the myths were told.
Contents：
I. DEFINITIONS AND BACKGROUND.
1. The Nature of Myth.
2. The Cultural Context of Classical Myth.
3. The Development of Classical Myth.
II. DIVINE MYTHS.
4. Myths of Creation: The Rise of Zeus.
5. Myths of Creation: The Origins of Mortals.
6. Myths of the Olympian Gods: Zeus and Hera.
7. Myths of the Olympian Gods: The Male Deities.
8. Myths of the Olympian Gods: The Female Deities.
9. Myths of Fertility: Demeter.
10. Myths of Fertility: Dionysus.
11. Myths of Death: Encounters with the Underworld.
III. LEGENDS.
12. Introduction to Heroic Myth.
13. Perseus and Myths of the Argive Plain.
14. Heracles.
15. Theseus and the Myths of Athens.
16. The Myths of Crete.
17. Oedipus and the Myths of Thebes.
18. Jason and the Myths of Iolcus and Calydon.
19. The Trojan War: The House of Atreus; The Anger of Achilles.
20. The Trojan War: The Fall of Troy; The Return of Agamemnon.
21. The Return of Odysseus.
22. Roman Myth.
IV. INTERPRETATION.
23. Theories of Myth Interpretation.
Appendix: Roman and Greek Forms of Classical Names; Spelling and Pronunciation.
Index.
Greek and Roman Gods Chart.
Chronological Chart.
From the Publisher：
Comprehensive and scholarly, yet lively and easy to read, this attractively designed and class-tested survey of classical Greek and Roman mythology presents synopses of the major stories. It is highlighted by fresh translations of ancient authors, generous illustrations (ancient and modern) of classical myths and legends, and commentary that emphasizes the anthropological, historical, religious, sociological, and economic contexts in which the myths were told. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.
From the Back Cover：
The fourth edition of CLASSICAL MYTH continues to frame ancient Greek and Roman myths and legends within their anthropological, historical, religious, sociological, and economic contexts. This text also provides students with modern translations of ancient works, information on the influence of Near Eastern myth, and concise sidebar essays that demonstrate how specific myths were appropriated in later times.
The fourth edition includes:
Additional readings from ancient sources
Completely revised bibliographies of modern works
Over 200 images to help students visualize mythical personalities and events
Accompanying this text is a Companion Website™ offering tools for instructors and students alike. Visit www.prenhall.com/powell for updated links to a vast array of resources, an interactive study guide, self-scoring quizzes, and more.
PICK A PENGUIN! Prentice Hall is delighted to offer select Penguin Putnam titles to use in conjunction with this text at a discounted price. Contact your Prentice Hall sales representative for more details.
Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
What does our great historical hunger signify, our clutching about us of countless cultures, our consuming desire for knowledge, if not the loss of myth, of a mythic home, the mythic womb?
— FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE, The Birth of Tragedy, 1872
The category "classical myth" exists more in the minds of contemporary teachers than it did in the ancient world itself, but it has, nonetheless, come to serve a useful pedagogical purpose. For some time now, courses bearing this or a similar title have been a vehicle for introducing college students to the cultures of the ancient Greeks and Romans, hence to the roots of Western civilization. Studying the myths of the ancients primarily through the literary works in which they have been preserved, students are exposed to important classical authors, as well as to stories and figures that have sustained interest and kindled imaginations throughout the history of Western culture.
The present text began as a modern introduction to classical myth, a comprehensive and flexible resource for college-level courses that would reflect the best recent scholarship in the field. The fact that the first three editions have been used in many such courses throughout North America, by instructors with different academic backgrounds teaching in a wide variety of educational settings, has been a gratifying confirmation of my sense that a book of this type was needed. In this fourth edition, I have made improvements to the book based on suggestions from instructors who have used earlier editions in their classes, as well as on my own experiences in teaching with it. But the central goals of the book remain unchanged. I have again included a large number of translations from ancient literary sources, organized around mythical figures or themes. I have again provided substantial background information and interpretive commentary to accompany these selections. And again, in both the translations and the background material, I have sought to take account of the needs of today's students as well as of the many new perspectives on the ancient world opened up in recent years by scholars working in various areas of classical studies.
The first three editions were unique among texts in classical myth in the extent to which they emphasized the context in which the ancient stories were told. In this emphasis, which I call a contextual approach, I believe I was reflecting the direction of much contemporary scholarship, and in the fourth edition I have once again sought to place the myths in their anthropological, historical, religious, sociological, and economic contexts. Where possible, I have extended and improved the coverage of these topics, but I have preserved the same number and order of chapters, making it easy for users of the third edition to change to the fourth without redesigning their presentation of the material. I have reorganized Chapter 9, on Demeter, placing the Eastern material before the Greek, and considerably expanded Chapter 12, "Introduction to Heroic Myth," where I use the Mesopotamian story of Gilgamesh as a model for understanding the complex myths of heroes, give an expanded list of conventional motifs found in the myths of Greek heroes. I have added some material on the Olympian gods. I have also compressed and revised the other chapters and added new comments on context. This new edition has a revamped index and a completely revised bibliography.
Many have asked that I cite the ancient sources for the myths, and in this edition I have added, where appropriate, some additional ancient sources at the end of the chapter. A complete inventory is, of course, beyond the scope of this text, but these suggestions can serve as a starting point for those wishing to explore the mythical background more fully. Those who wish to examine further the original Greek and Latin sources (which can be complex) may consult the references given in Keith Aldrich's translation and commentary on Apollodorus, The Library of Greek Mythology (Lawrence, Kansas, 1975), or Michael Simpson's translation of the same in Gods and Heroes of the Greeks: The Library of Apollodorus (Amherst, 1976). Good references are also found in Edward Tripp's Meridian Handbook of Classical Mythology and in the Oxford Classical Dictionary (3rd ed., Oxford, 1996). It is important to remember that the versions of myth I present here represent only one version of the many disparate, often contradictory, stories that the Greeks told about their gods and heroes.
The first three editions were also unique in the emphasis they placed on the historical development of classical myth. Only when we see how myth changes over time, yet somehow remains the same, can we grasp its essence. In the fourth edition, I have preserved this theme, and I have continued to include as many passages from ancient literary works as space permits. Many are from well-known sources, but I have not hesitated to present lesser-known passages rarely seen in books of this type when that seemed appropriate. Whenever possible I have used Greek sources rather than Latin ones, but I have nonetheless included selections from Ovid's highly influential Latin retelling of the Greek myths when the myth is found in no other ancient literary source. The complete text of Ovid's Metamorphoses will form a natural, though not necessary, adjunct to this text, as will complete translations of Greek tragedies, or modern works that reflect ancient patterns of myth or similar concerns. Prentice-Hall has made possible the purchase of these and other auxiliary texts in Penguin translations at a much-reduced cost, shrink-wrapped with this text (Instructors: please contact your local Prentice Hall representative if you wish to order such a packet).
Translations of most Greek, Latin, Hebrew, and Italian sources were prepared by Herbert M. Howe; I did some, however, and am responsible for translations of the Akkadian, Egyptian, and modern Greek passages. In our translations we have sought a modern idiom, unrhymed, with a regular beat in the poetic lines; poetry, then as now, has its own rules of expression, and the translator can only try to recreate in modern tongue thoughts and manners distant from our own. I believe that ancient works of art can play a valuable role in helping students visualize mythical figures and events as the ancients themselves did, and therefore I have included many illustrations from classical sources, some new to this edition—about two hundred reproductions of vase paintings, sculptural works, architectural monuments, and other works of art from the ancient and modern worlds.
Like the first three editions, the fourth stresses the importance of interpretation in the study of myth, although without relying exclusively on any one interpretive perspective. No single approach to interpretation can ever be adequate to the enormous range and complexity of classical myth. The subject of interpretation is briefly introduced in Chapter 1, and throughout the text I offer interpretive comments on individual myths as they are examined—comments that I know will be used as much a basis for objection as for agreement. The subject of interpretation is dealt with most extensively, however, in Chapter 23, "Theories of Myth Interpretation." I am fully aware that some instructors will prefer to deal with theories of interpretation early in the course, though this chapter is placed at the end of the book, it can be introduced at any point without loss of coherence.
The fourth edition remains committed to the principle that when we study classical myth, we also study the roots of Western culture. Like the first three editions, therefore, it includes in most chapters one or more "Perspective" boxes that examine the uses of classical myth in the medieval, Renaissance, or modern periods. Many of the Perspectives incorporate excerpts from or reproductions of the literary and artistic works discussed. My intent is to help students see how stories and figures from classical myth were appropriated and interpreted at later stages of history, often for purposes very different from those of the ancient world itself.
The study of classical myth inevitably presents students with hundreds of new and unfamiliar names. To assist students with pronunciation, I have provided an English pronunciation guide the first time each difficult name appears in the text. (The pronunciation guides are repeated in the index.) I have also used bold letters to highlight names of greatest importance, those which one really ought to know to claim competence in the topic. These names are repeated in a list of important terms at the end of each chapter, with page numbers of where the term first appears. I leave names of lesser importance in ordinary type, though in many cases I give pronunciations for these as well. In the index I have included a capsule identification for important names. The student can also hear the names pronounced on the Companion Website™ located at
http://www.prenhall.com/powell
that provides up-to-date links, organized by chapters in the text, to a vast array of resources relevant to the study of classical myth, including electronic texts, fine art images, and background information on Greek culture and society. It also offers a comprehensive interactive study guide, complete with self-scoring quizzes and other resources designed to assist students in mastering the course material.
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