INTRODUCTION TO THOMAS HENRY HUXLEY I HUXLEY AND DARWIN II THE BATTLE FOR EVOLUTION PREFACE I EVOLUTION AND ETHICS I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV II EVOLUTION AND ETHICS III SCIENCE AND MORALS I II III ……
内容摘要 "I have just read the Edinburgh, which, without doubt is by~. It is extremely malignant, clever, and, I fear, will be very damaging. He is atrociously severe on Huxley s lecture, and very bitter against Hooker. So we three enjoyed it together. Not that I really enjoyed it, for it made me uncomfortable for one night; but I have quite got over it today. It requires much study to appreciate all the bitter spite of many of the remarks against me; indeed I did not discover all myself. It scandalously misrepresents many parts. He misquotes some passages, altering words within inverted commas.... It is painful to be hated in the intense degree with which~hates me."
As Owen was still alive when this letter was published in Darwin s Life, the authorship of the review was not actually mentioned; but it is necessary to mention it, as it justifies the sternness with which Huxley exposed Owen on an occasion shortly to be described. The review in the Quarterly wsls written by Wilberforce, the Bishop of Oxford, in July, i860, and almost at once the authorship of it became known to Darwin s friends. In connection with this, Huxley wrote in 1887, in Darwin,s Life and Letters:
"I doubt if there was any man then living who had a better right (than Darwin) to expect that anything he might choose to say on such a question as the Origin of Species would be listened to with profound attention, and
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主编推荐 天演论(英文版)是开启一个时代的惊天之作。 戊戍维新运动的康有为见到严复译出的《天演论》,曾惊呼“眼中未见有此等人”,并由衷地称誉严复“为中国西学**者也”。 As THE nickname "Darwin's bulldog" would suggest, Huxley was an outspoken defender and advocate for Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. He is best known for his fam《天演论(英文版)》us debate in June 186o, at the British Association meeting at Oxford, at which Archbishop Wilberforce ridiculed evolution and asked Huxley whether he was descended from an ape on his grandmother's side or his grandfather's. "If then, said I, the question is put to me would I rather have a miserable ape for a grandfather or a man highly endowed by nature and possessed of great means of influence & yet who employs these faculties & that influence for the mere purpose of introducing ridicule into a grave scientific discussion, I unhesitatingly affirm my preference for the ape." Said Huxley when he recalled the scene. IT MAY be safely assumed that, two thousand years ago, before Caesar set foot in southern Britain, the whole countryside visible from the windows of the room in which I write, was in what is called "the state of nature." Except, it may be, by raising a few sepulchral mounds, such as those which still, here and there, break the flowing contours of the downs, man's hands had made no mark upon it; and the thin veil of vegetation which overspread the broad-backed heights and the shelving sides of the Combs was unaffected by his industry. The native grasses and weeds, the scattered patches of gorse, contended with one another for the possession of the scanty surface soil... Yet nothing is more certain than that, measured by the liberal scale of time- keeping Of the universe, this present state of nature, however it may seem to have gone and to go on for ever, is but a fleeting phase of her infinite variety; merely the last of the series of changes which the earth's surface has undergone in the course of the millions of years of its existence.
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