2 预防口腔医学(第 3 版) 四、量表翻译和应用 ····················· 77 Summary ········································ 79 Definition and Terminology·················· 79 参考文献········································ 79 第四章 龋病预防与控制 Prevention and Control of Dental Caries ·································· 81 第一节 龋病病因与发病机制 Etiology and Mechanisms of Dental Caries ································ 81 一、龋病病因 ······························ 81 二、发病机制 ······························ 83 第二节 龋病风险评估与早期龋的诊断 Caries Risk Assessment and Diagnosis of Incipient Caries ···· 84 一、龋病风险评估概述 ·················· 84 二、龋病风险评估方法 ·················· 84 三、早期龋的诊断 ························ 87 第三节 龋病预防与早期龋的控制 Prevention of Dental Caries and Control of Incipient Caries ······· 89 一、龋病的三级预防 ····················· 89 二、龋病的预防措施 ····················· 90 三、早期龋的控制 ························ 92 第四节 龋病预防和控制的具体方法 Measures for Prevention and Control of Dental Caries·········· 93 一、窝沟封闭 ······························ 93 二、预防性树脂充填 ····················· 97 三、渗透树脂 ······························ 98 四、氟化氨银 ······························ 99 五、非创伤性修复治疗 ················· 100 Summary ······································· 103 Definition and Terminology·················103 参考文献······································· 104 第五章 氟化物与口腔健康 Fluoride and Oral Health·········105 第一节 概述 Overview··························· 105 一、氟在自然界的分布与人体氟来源··· 105 二、人体氟代谢 ·························· 106 三、氟化物的防龋机制 ·················107 四、氟化物的其他生理作用 ···········108 第二节 全身应用氟化物 Systemic Fluoride Application ··· 108 一、饮水氟化 ·····························109 二、食盐氟化 ·····························110 三、牛奶氟化 ·····························112 四、氟片 ···································112 第三节 局部应用氟化物 Topical Fluoride Application ···· 114 一、含氟牙膏 ····························· 114 二、含氟漱口液 ·························· 115 三、含氟涂料 ····························· 116 四、含氟凝胶 ····························· 117 五、含氟泡沫 ····························· 118 第四节 氟化物防龋的安全性 Safety of Fluoride in Caries Control ···························118 一、氟化物的毒性作用 ·················118 二、氟牙症 ································120 三、应用氟化物防龋的注意事项 ·····121 Summary ······································· 123 Definition and Terminology·················124 参考文献······································· 125 第六章 牙周病的预防 Prevention of Periodontal Diseases ·························· 126 第一节 牙周病的始动因素和发病机制 Initial Factor and Pathogenic Mechanisms of Periodontal Diseases ···························· 126 一、始动因素 ·····························126 二、发病机制 ·····························127 第二节 牙周病的危险因素 The Risk Factors of Periodontal Diseases ···························· 129 一、局部危险因素 ·······················129 二、全身危险因素 ·······················129 三、社会行为危险因素 ·················130 第三节 牙周病的预防和控制 Prevention and Control of Periodontal Diseases ·············131
一、牙周病的三级预防 ················· 131 二、自我口腔保健措施 ················· 131 三、专业口腔保健措施 ················· 133 四、药物方法 ····························· 133 第四节 口臭的预防和控制 Prevention and Control of Halitosis··························134 一、口臭形成的原因 ···················· 134 二、口臭的控制和治疗 ················· 136 Summary ······································· 138 Definition and Terminology·················139 参考文献······································· 140 第七章 自我口腔保健 Oral Health Self-care··············141 第一节 刷牙 Toothbrushing ····················· 141 一、牙刷 ··································· 141 二、牙膏 ··································· 143 三、刷牙方法 ····························· 145 第二节 牙齿邻面清洁 Interproximal Plaque Removal ··· 147 一、牙线 ··································· 147 二、牙间隙刷 ····························· 149 三、其他牙齿邻面清洁工具 ··········· 150 第三节 其他自我口腔保健的方法 Self-care Adjuncts ················ 151 一、漱口和漱口液 ······················· 151 二、冲洗和冲牙器 ······················· 152 三、咀嚼无糖口香糖 ···················· 153 四、舌苔清洁 ····························· 153 第四节 修复及正畸患者的自我维护 Implant and Denture Self-care···· 154 一、修复患者的自我维护 ·············· 154 二、正畸患者的自我维护 ·············· 155 Summary ······································· 156 Definition and Terminology·················157 参考文献······································· 158 第八章 口腔癌及其他口腔疾病的预防 Prevention of Oral Cancer and Other Oral Diseases················159 Epidemiology and Factors Related to Oral Cancer·····················159 一、口腔癌的行为特征 ·················159 二、口腔癌的癌前病变 ·················162 三、口腔癌的相关致病因素 ···········163 第二节 口腔癌的早期检查、诊断和预防 Detection and Diagnosis of Oral Cancer and Its Prevention ·······167 一、定期检查与早期诊断 ··············167 二、口腔癌的预防 ·······················169 第三节 其他口腔疾病的预防 The Prevention of Other Oral Diseases ···························· 171 一、错 畸形的预防····················· 171 二、牙外伤的预防 ·······················174 三、牙本质敏感的预防 ·················176 四、牙磨蚀症的预防 ····················177 Summary ······································· 180 Definition and Terminology·················180 参考文献······································· 181 第九章 口腔健康促进 Oral Health Promotion············182 第一节 口腔健康促进的概念 The Conception of Oral Health Promotion ·························· 182 一、健康与口腔健康 ····················182 二、健康促进与口腔健康促进 ········182 第二节 口腔健康促进的内容、途径与任务 The Contents, Routes and Tasks of Oral Health Promotion···········183 一、口腔健康促进的内容 ··············183 二、口腔健康促进的途径 ··············184 三、口腔健康促进的任务 ··············184 第三节 口腔健康促进的计划、实施和评价 Planning, Implementation and Evaluation of Oral Health Promotion ·························· 184 一、口腔健康促进的计划 ··············185 二、口腔健康促进的实施 ··············185 三、口腔健康促进的评价 ··············186 第四节 健康教育与口腔健康教育 第一节 口腔癌的特征和相关致病因素 Health Education and Oral Health 目 录 3
4 预防口腔医学(第 3 版) Education ·························· 187 一、健康教育 ····························· 187 二、口腔健康教育 ······················· 188 第五节 口腔健康教育的策略和方法 Strategies and Methods of Oral Health Education ·················188 一、口腔健康教育的策略 ··············188 二、口腔健康教育的方法 ·············· 189 第六节 口腔健康教育的计划、实施和评价 Planning, Implementation and Evaluation of Oral Health Education ·························· 190 一、口腔健康教育的计划 ·············· 190 二、口腔健康教育的实施 ·············· 190 三、口腔健康教育的评价 ·············· 191 Summary ······································· 192 Definition and Terminology·················192 参考文献······································· 193 第十章 特定人群的口腔保健 Oral Health Care for the Target Population ··························· 194 第一节 妇幼口腔保健 Oral Health Care for Pregnant Women and Young Children ····194 一、妊娠期妇女的口腔保健 ···········194 二、婴幼儿的口腔保健 ················· 196 三、学龄前儿童的口腔保健 ··········· 199 第二节 中小学生口腔保健 Oral Health Care for School Children ···························· 200 一、中小学生的特征 ···················· 200 二、常见的口腔健康问题 ·············· 201 三、口腔保健 ····························· 202 第三节 老年人口腔保健 Oral Health Care for the Elders··· 204 一、老年人的特征 ······················· 205 二、常见的口腔健康问题 ·············· 205 三、口腔保健 ····························· 206 第四节 残疾人口腔保健 Oral Health Care for Compromised Populations ························ 207 一、残疾人的特征 ·······················208 二、常见的口腔健康问题 ··············208 三、口腔保健 ·····························209 Summary ······································· 213 Definition and Terminology·················213 参考文献······································· 213 第十一章 社区卫生服务与社区口腔卫生服务 Community Health Service and Community Oral Health Service ························· 214 第一节 社区卫生服务概述 Overview of Community Health Service ·····························214 一、社区和社区服务 ····················214 二、社区卫生服务 ·······················215 第二节 社区口腔卫生服务 Community Oral Health Service ··· 222 一、社区口腔卫生服务的概念 ········222 二、社区口腔卫生服务策略 ···········222 三、社区口腔卫生服务的周期 ········225 四、社区口腔卫生服务发展状况 ·····233 Summary ······································· 238 Definition and Terminology·················239 参考文献······································· 239 第十二章 口腔卫生项目管理 Oral Health Project Management····················241 第一节 项目管理概述 Ove
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